Matthies M, Perrier P, Perkell J S, Zandipour M
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2001 Apr;44(2):340-53. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2001/028).
This study tests the hypothesis that the relative timing, or coarticulation, of articulatory movements at VC and CV boundaries is influenced by both the listener's requirement for clarity and the speaker's strategy to economize effort. Movement and acoustic data were collected from 7 subjects who spoke in three conditions: normal, clear, and fast. It was predicted that fast speech would show more coarticulation and clear speech would show less coarticulation than normal speech. The speech materials were designed to investigate coarticulation in the movements of the upper lip and tongue. They consisted of repetitions of [iC(n)u] utterances embedded in carrier phrases, where the number of consonants, n, ranged from 1 to 3. Analyses focused on kinematic measures and the amount of coarticulation (overlap) of the /i-u/ transition movement with the acoustic interval of the /i/. The consonant-string duration was longest in the clear speaking condition and shortest in the fast condition. Compared to the normal condition, peak velocities were higher in the fast and clear speaking conditions, indicating increased effort. The influences of speaking condition on coarticulation and on the formants of the /i/ were small. Thus, even though there was evidence of increased effort in the clear and fast conditions, the hypothesized effects of a trade-off between clarity and economy of effort were minimally evident in formant values for /i/ and measures of coarticulation.
在VC和CV边界处发音动作的相对时间或协同发音，受到听众对清晰度的要求和说话者省力策略的双重影响。从7名受试者收集了在三种条件下说话的动作和声学数据：正常、清晰和快速。预计快速言语会表现出更多的协同发音，而清晰言语会比正常言语表现出更少的协同发音。言语材料旨在研究上唇和舌头动作中的协同发音。它们由嵌入载体短语中的[iC(n)u]话语重复组成，其中辅音数量n从1到3不等。分析集中在运动学测量以及/i-u/过渡动作与/i/的声学区间的协同发音量（重叠）上。辅音串持续时间在清晰说话条件下最长，在快速条件下最短。与正常条件相比，快速和清晰说话条件下的峰值速度更高，表明用力增加。说话条件对协同发音和/i/的共振峰的影响较小。因此，尽管在清晰和快速条件下有用力增加的证据，但在/i/的共振峰值和协同发音测量中，清晰度与省力之间权衡的假设效应几乎不明显。
