Zabawski E J
Department of Dermatology Diagnostic Clinic of Longview, TX, USA.
Dermatol Online J. 2000 Sep;6(1):3.
Cidofovir is a potent nucleoside analog antiviral drug approved for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It is currently available only for intravenous infusion. Several small studies and case reports describe the successful use of cidofovir applied either topically or by intralesional injection in several virally induced cutaneous diseases. Available information demonstrates that cidofovir is a potent antiviral agent with activity against several DNA viruses that cause cutaneous disease when applied topically or administered by intralesional injection. No significant systemic side effects have been noted, although application site reactions are common and can occasionally be severe. The effective use of topical and intralesional cidofovir for the treatment of diseases of the skin caused by DNA viruses has been demonstrated in animals and a limited number of patients including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This article reviews the pharmacology of cidofovir and the utility of topical and intralesional cidofovir for the treatment of viral infections caused by human papillomavirus, herpesviruses (including acyclovir resistant strains), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus, molluscum contagiosum and monkeypox.
西多福韦是一种有效的核苷类似物抗病毒药物，已被批准用于治疗获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者的巨细胞病毒（CMV）视网膜炎。目前仅可用于静脉输注。几项小型研究和病例报告描述了在几种病毒引起的皮肤疾病中，局部或病灶内注射使用西多福韦取得成功的情况。现有信息表明，西多福韦是一种有效的抗病毒剂，局部应用或病灶内注射时，对几种引起皮肤疾病的DNA病毒具有活性。虽然用药部位反应常见，偶尔可能较为严重，但尚未发现明显的全身副作用。在动物以及包括感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的患者在内的少数患者中，已证明局部和病灶内注射西多福韦可有效治疗由DNA病毒引起的皮肤疾病。本文综述了西多福韦的药理学以及局部和病灶内注射西多福韦在治疗人乳头瘤病毒、疱疹病毒（包括耐阿昔洛韦毒株）、卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒、传染性软疣和猴痘引起的病毒感染中的应用。
