Snoeck Robert, De Clercq Eric
Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10,B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Nov;3(11):1561-6.
Cidofovir is a nucleotide analog marketed for the treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompromised patients. An increasing number of reports have appeared on the use of cidofovir for the treatment of other severe DNA virus infections in immunocompromised patients. The activity of cidofovir against herpes simplex viruses resistant to classic (acyclovir and/or foscavir) therapy has been widely documented. Cidofovir has also been used for the treatment of other herpesvirus infections, such as drug-resistant varicella-zoster virus, and Epstein-Barr virus-induced proliferative diseases. For papillomavirus infections, cidofovir represents a valuable alternative to the conventional therapies, which are mostly based on surgery, as in the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis. The role of cidofovir in the treatment of polyomavirus infections is more controversial, but here too, cidofovir represents, to date, the only available efficacious therapeutic modality. Cidofovir has demonstrated activity against all poxviruses and represents a unique therapeutic modality for use against these viruses, particularly in the immunosuppressed host, should this prove necessary (eg, in a bioterrorism scenario).
西多福韦是一种核苷酸类似物，已上市用于治疗免疫功能低下患者的人巨细胞病毒感染。越来越多的报告出现了关于使用西多福韦治疗免疫功能低下患者的其他严重DNA病毒感染的情况。西多福韦对耐经典（阿昔洛韦和/或膦甲酸钠）治疗的单纯疱疹病毒的活性已有广泛记录。西多福韦也已用于治疗其他疱疹病毒感染，如耐药性水痘-带状疱疹病毒和爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒引起的增殖性疾病。对于乳头瘤病毒感染，西多福韦是传统疗法（大多基于手术，如治疗喉乳头瘤病）的一种有价值的替代方法。西多福韦在治疗多瘤病毒感染中的作用更具争议性，但即便如此，西多福韦迄今为止仍是唯一可用的有效治疗方式。西多福韦已证明对所有痘病毒有活性，并且如果证明有必要（例如在生物恐怖主义情况下），它是针对这些病毒，特别是在免疫抑制宿主中使用的独特治疗方式。
