Quarrie K L, Alsop J C, Waller A E, Bird Y N, Marshall S W, Chalmers D J
Injury Prevention Research Unit, Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Br J Sports Med. 2001 Jun;35(3):157-66. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.35.3.157.
Although the nature of rugby injury has been well documented, little is known about key risk factors. A prospective cohort study was undertaken to examine the association between potential risk factors and injury risk, measured both as an injury incidence rate and as a proportion of the playing season missed. The latter measure incorporates a measure of injury severity.
A cohort of 258 male players (mean (SD) age 20.6 (3.7) years) were followed through a full competitive season. At a preseason assessment, basic characteristics, health and lifestyle patterns, playing experience, injury experience, training patterns, and anthropometric characteristics were recorded, and then a battery of fitness tests were carried out.
A multiple regression model identified grade and previous injury experience as risk factors for in season injury, measured as an injury incidence rate. A second model identified previous injury experience, hours of strenuous physical activity a week, playing position, cigarette smoking status, body mass index, years of rugby participation, stress, aerobic and anaerobic performance, and number of push ups as risk factors for in season injury, measured as proportion of season missed.
The findings emphasise the importance of previous injury as a predictor of injury incidence and of missing play. They also show the importance of considering both the incidence rate and severity of injury when identifying risk factors for injury in sport.
尽管橄榄球运动损伤的性质已有详尽记录，但对于关键风险因素却知之甚少。开展了一项前瞻性队列研究，以检验潜在风险因素与损伤风险之间的关联，损伤风险通过损伤发生率以及错过比赛赛季的比例来衡量。后一种衡量方式纳入了损伤严重程度的考量。
对258名男性运动员（平均（标准差）年龄20.6（3.7）岁）进行了为期一个完整竞技赛季的跟踪研究。在季前评估时，记录了基本特征、健康和生活方式模式、比赛经验、损伤经历、训练模式以及人体测量特征，随后进行了一系列体能测试。
一个多元回归模型确定了等级和既往损伤经历是赛季内损伤（以损伤发生率衡量）的风险因素。第二个模型确定了既往损伤经历、每周剧烈体育活动时长、比赛位置、吸烟状况、体重指数、参与橄榄球运动的年限、压力、有氧和无氧运动表现以及俯卧撑次数是赛季内损伤（以错过赛季的比例衡量）的风险因素。
研究结果强调了既往损伤作为损伤发生率和错过比赛预测指标的重要性。它们还表明，在确定运动损伤的风险因素时，同时考虑损伤发生率和严重程度非常重要。
