Pietinen P, Lahti-Koski M, Vartiainen E, Puska P
Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2001;5(3):150-4.
This paper describes the Finnish experience on the population strategy to prevent cardiovascular disease with special reference to diet. Systematic work to lower the risk factors of cardiovascular disease started in the early 1970s with the North Karelia project and rapidly expanded to cover the whole country. The main aims were to change the type of fats used, to lower sodium intake and to increase vegetable and fruit consumption. Concurrently, a comprehensive monitoring system was developed including regular population surveys every five years. During the period 1972-1997 major changes took place in the diet as well as in blood pressure and serum cholesterol levels. At the same time, cardiovascular mortality decreased dramatically. The Finnish experience shows that dietary changes are possible but require a persistent and comprehensive intervention.
本文描述了芬兰在预防心血管疾病的人口战略方面的经验，特别提及饮食方面。降低心血管疾病风险因素的系统性工作始于20世纪70年代初的北卡累利阿项目，并迅速扩展至全国。主要目标是改变脂肪使用类型、降低钠摄入量以及增加蔬菜和水果的消费量。同时，建立了一个全面的监测系统，包括每五年进行一次定期的人口调查。在1972年至1997年期间，饮食以及血压和血清胆固醇水平都发生了重大变化。与此同时，心血管疾病死亡率大幅下降。芬兰的经验表明，饮食改变是可行的，但需要持续且全面的干预。
