Levelt W J
Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, P.O. Box 310, 6500 AH, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Nov 6;98(23):13464-71. doi: 10.1073/pnas.231459498.
A core operation in speech production is the preparation of words from a semantic base. The theory of lexical access reviewed in this article covers a sequence of processing stages beginning with the speaker's focusing on a target concept and ending with the initiation of articulation. The initial stages of preparation are concerned with lexical selection, which is zooming in on the appropriate lexical item in the mental lexicon. The following stages concern form encoding, i.e., retrieving a word's morphemic phonological codes, syllabifying the word, and accessing the corresponding articulatory gestures. The theory is based on chronometric measurements of spoken word production, obtained, for instance, in picture-naming tasks. The theory is largely computationally implemented. It provides a handle on the analysis of multiword utterance production as well as a guide to the analysis and design of neuroimaging studies of spoken utterance production.
言语产生中的一个核心操作是从语义库中准备单词。本文所综述的词汇通达理论涵盖了一系列加工阶段，始于说话者聚焦于目标概念，终于发音的启动。准备的初始阶段涉及词汇选择，即在心理词典中锁定合适的词条。接下来的阶段涉及形式编码，即检索单词的语素音位代码、对单词进行音节划分以及获取相应的发音手势。该理论基于对言语产生的计时测量，例如在图片命名任务中获得的数据。该理论在很大程度上是通过计算实现的。它为多词话语产生的分析提供了方法，也为口语话语产生的神经成像研究的分析和设计提供了指导。
