De Houwer J, Rothermund K, Wentura D
University of Southampton, England.
Mem Cognit. 2001 Oct;29(7):931-9. doi: 10.3758/bf03195755.
We report the results of two experiments that showed that the time needed to respond to a feature of a stimulus increases when that particular feature of that particular stimulus previously had to be ignored. The data of Experiment 2 argue against the hypothesis that the observed stimulus-feature specific negative priming was due to a response conflict instigated by automatic episodic retrieval of prime responses. Experiment 2 also showed that the effects were not caused by difficulties in switching between prime and probe tasks and provided additional evidence for the fact that priming effects were stimulus-feature specific. The present results suggest that the selective inhibition or episodic encoding mechanisms that are assumed to underlie negative priming can operate in a more specific and powerful manner than has been previously assumed.
我们报告了两项实验的结果，这些结果表明，当先前必须忽略特定刺激的某个特定特征时，对该刺激特征做出反应所需的时间会增加。实验2的数据与这样一种假设相悖，即观察到的刺激特征特异性负启动是由启动反应的自动情景检索引发的反应冲突所致。实验2还表明，这些效应并非由启动任务和探测任务之间的切换困难所引起，并且为启动效应是刺激特征特异性这一事实提供了额外的证据。目前的结果表明，被认为是负启动基础的选择性抑制或情景编码机制，其运作方式可能比之前所认为的更加具体和强大。
