Aragona J, Cassady J, Drabman R S
J Appl Behav Anal. 1975 Fall;8(3):269-78. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1975.8-269.
Fifteen overweight girls aged 5 to 11 yr were randomly assigned to one of two weight-reduction treatments: response-cost plus reinforcement, response-cost only, or a no-treatment control group. In the response-cost plus reinforcement group, parents contracted to facilitate their child's weight loss by carrying out reinforcement and stimulus control techniques, completing weekly charts and graphs, and encouraging their child to exercise. The response-cost only group parents did not contract to reinforce their child's performance. The response-cost program applied to both experimental groups was conducted in weekly meetings in which parents lost previously deposited sums of money. Twenty-five per cent was deducted for missing the weekly meeting, 25% for failing to fill out charts and graphs, and 50% if their child failed to meet her specified weekly weight-loss goal. At the end of the 12-week treatment period, both experimental groups had lost significantly more weight than the control group. After an eight-week, no-contact follow-up, some of the lost weight was regained. The response-cost plus reinforcement group was still significantly below the controls. The response-cost group just missed significance. A 31-week, no-contact follow-up failed to show a treatment effect, but did show a trend towards slower weight gain by the response-cost plus reinforcement group.
15名年龄在5至11岁的超重女孩被随机分配到两种减肥治疗方案之一：反应代价加强化、仅反应代价或无治疗对照组。在反应代价加强化组中，父母签订合同，通过实施强化和刺激控制技术、完成每周的图表以及鼓励孩子锻炼来促进孩子减肥。仅反应代价组的父母没有签订合同来强化孩子的表现。应用于两个实验组的反应代价计划在每周的会议中进行，在会议上父母会损失之前存入的钱。错过每周会议扣25%，未填写图表扣25%，如果孩子未达到规定的每周减肥目标则扣50%。在12周的治疗期结束时，两个实验组的体重减轻都明显多于对照组。在为期8周的无接触随访后，一些减掉的体重又反弹了。反应代价加强化组的体重仍显著低于对照组。反应代价组仅差一点达到显著水平。在为期31周的无接触随访中，未显示出治疗效果，但确实显示出反应代价加强化组体重增加较慢的趋势。
