Golovljova Irina, Sjölander Katarina Brus, Lindegren Gunnel, Vene Sirkka, Vasilenko Veera, Plyusnin Alexander, Lundkvist Ake
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Tallinn, Estonia.
J Med Virol. 2002 Dec;68(4):589-98. doi: 10.1002/jmv.10231.
Human serum samples collected from healthy individuals in 14 counties were screened by ELISA in order to investigate the presence of hantavirus infections in Estonia. Out of 1,234 serum samples, 124 were found positive for hantavirus-specific IgG and were subsequently serotyped by a focus reduction neutralization test. A total of 112 samples neutralized at least one of the examined hantaviruses-Puumala (PUUV), Saaremaa (SAAV), Dobrava (DOBV), Hantaan, and Seoul viruses-and thereby, the focus reduction neutralization test confirmed the overall hantavirus seroprevalence rate in Estonia to be 9.1%. Most of the sera showed a specific reaction (at least 4-fold higher endpoint titer) of neutralizing antibodies to PUUV (5.1%), while 3.4% showed a SAAV- or SAAV/DOBV-specific reaction. The fact that seven sera (0.6%) could not be serotyped may indicate the presence of an unknown hantavirus serotype. Hantavirus infections were confirmed in 13 of 14 investigated counties, with highly varying seroprevalence rates (1.0-28.4%). The sex ratio was 1.8:1.0 (M:F), and the antibody prevalence peaked in the age group 45-54 years. A total of 513 rodents of seven species trapped in seven counties were examined for the presence of hantavirus antigen, in order to study the distribution of hantavirus natural carriers. Two species, Clethrionomys glareolus and Apodemus agrarius, were found positive for hantaviral antigen in 13.7% and 4.5% of the investigated rodents, respectively. Analyses of viral sequences recovered from infected C. glareolus tissue samples showed that the infecting virus belonged to the PUUV genotype, confirming that PUUV circulates in mainland Estonia. The Estonian PUUV strains were placed in the closest proximity to Russian PUUV strains in phylogenetic trees, suggesting a common evolutionary history. Together with earlier data on SAAV in A. agrarius, the results revealed that two hantaviruses, PUUV and SAAV, are common in Estonia and that the incidence of human infection is high in both cases.
为调查爱沙尼亚汉坦病毒感染情况，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）对从14个县的健康个体采集的人血清样本进行了筛查。在1234份血清样本中，124份汉坦病毒特异性IgG检测呈阳性，随后通过空斑减少中和试验进行血清分型。共有112份样本中和了至少一种被检测的汉坦病毒——普马拉病毒（PUUV）、萨雷马病毒（SAAV）、多布拉瓦病毒（DOBV）、汉滩病毒和汉城病毒——因此，空斑减少中和试验证实爱沙尼亚汉坦病毒血清阳性率总体为9.1%。大多数血清显示出对PUUV的中和抗体特异性反应（终点滴度至少高4倍）（5.1%），而3.4%显示出SAAV或SAAV/DOBV特异性反应。7份血清（0.6%）无法进行血清分型这一事实可能表明存在一种未知的汉坦病毒血清型。在14个被调查的县中有13个县确认存在汉坦病毒感染，血清阳性率差异很大（1.0 - 28.4%）。男女比例为1.8:1.0（男:女），抗体阳性率在45 - 54岁年龄组达到峰值。为研究汉坦病毒自然宿主的分布情况，对在7个县捕获的7个物种的513只啮齿动物进行了汉坦病毒抗原检测。在被调查的啮齿动物中，发现两种物种，即棕背䶄和黑线姬鼠，汉坦病毒抗原阳性率分别为13.7%和4.5%。对从感染的棕背䶄组织样本中回收的病毒序列分析表明，感染病毒属于PUUV基因型，证实PUUV在爱沙尼亚大陆传播。在系统发育树中，爱沙尼亚的PUUV毒株与俄罗斯的PUUV毒株最为接近，这表明它们有共同的进化史。结合早期关于黑线姬鼠中SAAV的数据，结果显示两种汉坦病毒，即PUUV和SAAV，在爱沙尼亚很常见，且两种情况下人类感染的发生率都很高。
