Thomson G W, Wilson N A, O'Dea D, Reid P J, Howden-Chapman P
Department of Public Health, Wellington School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand Wellington, New Zealand.
Tob Control. 2002 Dec;11(4):372-5. doi: 10.1136/tc.11.4.372.
To examine the role of tobacco use in creating financial hardship for New Zealand (NZ) low income households with children.
The 1996 NZ census (smoking prevalence by household types), Statistics NZ (household spending surveys 1988-98), and NZ Customs (tobacco released from bond 1988-98).
Proportion of children in households with smokers and < or = 15,000 NZ dollars gross income per adult. Proportion of spending on tobacco of second lowest equivalised household disposable income decile and of solo parent households.
In < or = 15,000 NZ dollars gross income per adult households with both children and smokers, there were over 90,000 children, or 11% of the total population aged less than 15 years. Enabling second lowest income decile households with smokers to be smoker-free would on average allow an estimated 14% of the non-housing budgets of those households to be reallocated.
The children in low income households with smokers need to be protected from the financial hardship caused by tobacco use. This protection could take the form of more comprehensive government support for such households and stronger tobacco control programmes. A reliance on tobacco price policy alone to deter smokers is likely to have mixed outcomes-for example, increased hardship among some of these households. The challenge for tobacco control is to move from a sole focus on "doing good" towards incorporating the principle of "doing no harm".
探讨吸烟对新西兰有子女的低收入家庭造成经济困难所起的作用。
1996年新西兰人口普查（按家庭类型划分的吸烟率）、新西兰统计局（1988 - 1998年家庭支出调查）以及新西兰海关（1988 - 1998年保税烟草放行情况）。
成年人均总收入低于或等于15,000新西兰元的吸烟家庭中儿童的比例。同等化家庭可支配收入第二低十分位数家庭以及单亲家庭在烟草上的支出比例。
在成年人均总收入低于或等于15,000新西兰元且有子女和吸烟者的家庭中，有超过90,000名儿童，占15岁以下总人口的11%。使第二低收入十分位数的吸烟家庭戒烟，平均估计可使这些家庭非住房预算的14%得以重新分配。
低收入吸烟家庭中的儿童需要得到保护，使其免受吸烟造成的经济困难影响。这种保护可以采取政府为这类家庭提供更全面支持以及加强控烟计划的形式。仅依靠烟草价格政策来劝阻吸烟者可能会产生不同的结果，例如，使其中一些家庭的困难加剧。控烟面临的挑战是从单纯关注“做好事”转向纳入“不造成伤害”的原则。
