Sakari-Rantala Ritva, Avlund Kirsten, Frändin Kerstin, Era Pertti
Finnish Centre for Interdisciplinary Gerontology and Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2002 Jun;14(3 Suppl):47-55.
The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of limitations in self-reported mobility as well as the decline in measured walking speed and stair-mounting ability over five years among men and women aged 75 at baseline in two Nordic localities. Another purpose was to analyze the relationship and its consistency over time between self-reports and performance-based measures in the decline of mobility. Identical Interviews and performance tests were carried out in Jyäskylä, Finland (N=244) and Glostrup, Denmark (N=275) at baseline and five years later. The subjects were asked about their ability to manage with transferring from chair or bed, walking indoors and outdoors and climbing stairs. The occurrence of new limitations in these tasks was analyzed among those who did not report limitations in the same task at baseline. Maximal walking speed and step-mounting height were measured in the laboratory. The decline in walking speed below 1.2 m/s and stair-mounting height below 30 cm was analyzed among those whose results were, initially, above these limits. Most frequently, new limitations occurred in walking outdoors and in climbing stairs (44-60%). Walking speed and stair-mounting ability deteriorated below the thresholds mentioned in 4-36% of the participants, depending on gender and locality. There were only minor differences between the two Nordic localities in the decline in mobility functions. A substantial proportion of those whose performance had declined had developed limitations in self-reported mobility as well. However, the relationship between different methods of measurement was not straightforward. This indicates that multiple approaches are needed to obtain thorough knowledge about mobility and its decline among elderly people.
本研究的目的是调查在两个北欧地区，基线年龄为75岁的男性和女性中，自我报告的行动能力受限的发生率，以及五年内测量的步行速度和上楼梯能力的下降情况。另一个目的是分析自我报告与基于表现的行动能力下降测量方法之间的关系及其随时间的一致性。在芬兰于韦斯屈莱（N = 244）和丹麦格罗斯特鲁普（N = 275），在基线时和五年后进行了相同的访谈和性能测试。受试者被问及从椅子或床上转移、在室内和室外行走以及爬楼梯的能力。在基线时未报告在同一任务中有局限性的人群中，分析这些任务中新出现的局限性的发生情况。在实验室中测量最大步行速度和上楼梯高度。在最初结果高于这些限值的人群中，分析步行速度低于1.2米/秒和上楼梯高度低于30厘米的下降情况。最常见的新局限性出现在户外行走和爬楼梯方面（44 - 60%）。根据性别和地区，4 - 36%的参与者的步行速度和上楼梯能力恶化到低于上述阈值。在两个北欧地区之间，行动功能下降方面只有细微差异。很大一部分表现下降的人在自我报告的行动能力方面也出现了局限性。然而，不同测量方法之间的关系并不直接。这表明需要多种方法来全面了解老年人的行动能力及其下降情况。
