Avlund Kirsten, Due Pernille, Holstein Bjorn E, Sonn Ulla, Laukkanen Pia
Department of Social Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2002 Jun;14(3 Suppl):65-74.
The aims of this article were 1) to describe changes in functional ability from ages 75 to 80 among men and women in three Nordic localities, and 2) to analyze whether these changes are determined by changes in household composition from ages 70 to 75. The present analyses include the persons who participated in the NORA follow-up study of 75-80 year-old men and women in Jyväskylä, Finland (N=243), Göteborg, Sweden (N=226), and Glostrup, Denmark (N=274). Functional ability was measured by tiredness and need for help in Physical and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (PADL and IADL). Changes in functional ability are described as 1) sustained good, 2) decreased, 3) improved, and 4) sustained poor, and changes in household composition as 1) sustained living alone, 2) from living with others to living alone, and 3) sustained living with others. Number of chronic diseases and home help were included as covariates in the multivariate analyses. A large proportion of men and women had sustained good functional ability from age 75 to 80, but we observed both improvement and deterioration over time. For example, with regard to need for help in PADL: 64/59% of the mer/women had sustained good function, 19/21% deteriorated, 3/6% improved, and 14/14% had sustained poor function. Among the women in need of help at age 75, those who lived alone/became alone had a higher risk of sustained need for help from age 75 to 80 compared to women who lived with others [adjusted OR=4.0 (1.3-12.2/4.4 (0.7-26.9)]. This was not seen among the poor-functioning men. It is concluded that poor-functioning, single-living women are at higher risk of not regaining functional ability compared to cohabiting women.
1）描述北欧三个地区75至80岁男性和女性的功能能力变化；2）分析这些变化是否由70至75岁家庭构成的变化所决定。目前的分析纳入了参与芬兰于韦斯屈莱、瑞典哥德堡和丹麦格罗斯楚普针对75至80岁男性和女性开展的诺拉随访研究的人员（芬兰于韦斯屈莱N = 243，瑞典哥德堡N = 226，丹麦格罗斯楚普N = 274）。功能能力通过日常生活身体活动和工具性活动（PADL和IADL）中的疲劳感和所需帮助来衡量。功能能力变化分为：1）持续良好；2）下降；3）改善；4）持续不佳；家庭构成变化分为：1）持续独居；2）从与他人同住变为独居；3）持续与他人同住。慢性病数量和居家护理作为协变量纳入多变量分析。很大一部分男性和女性在75至80岁时功能能力持续良好，但随着时间推移，我们观察到了改善和恶化情况。例如，在PADL所需帮助方面：64/59%的男性/女性功能持续良好，19/21%恶化，3/6%改善，14/14%功能持续不佳。在75岁时需要帮助的女性中，与他人同住的女性相比，独居/变为独居的女性在75至80岁时持续需要帮助的风险更高[调整后OR = 4.0（1.3 - 12.2）/4.4（0.7 - 26.9）]。在功能不佳的男性中未观察到这种情况。研究得出结论，与同居女性相比，功能不佳的独居女性恢复功能能力的风险更高。
