Jacobs S, Myers J
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1976 Feb;162(2):75-87. doi: 10.1097/00005053-197602000-00001.
In this case control study, first admission schizophrenic patients were found to report more recent life events overall and more events categorized as undesirable, familial, relocation, and legal than controls. Interpretation of the observations should be ventured cautiously given the small difference between schizophrenics and controls, the small number of subjects, the retrospective strategy, and the failure of events "independent of one's control" or events characterized as "threatening" to confirm the positive relationship of recent life events to the occurrence of illness. The present work is part of considerable recent research documenting a relationship between the amount and/or significance of recent life events and the occurrence of psychological symptomatology and major psychiatric syndromes. The overall difference between schizophrenics and normals in reporting events appears to be smaller in magnitude than the difference found between depressives and normals. Further, the significance of events for schizophrenics and for depressives is different. The number, type, severity, and pattern of recent life events reported by schizophrenics suggest a precipitating role of events rather than a formative one. These results are consistent with one other controlled study on schizophrenia and recent life experience.
在这项病例对照研究中，首次入院的精神分裂症患者报告的近期生活事件总体上比对照组更多，且被归类为不良、家庭、搬迁和法律方面的事件也更多。鉴于精神分裂症患者与对照组之间差异较小、受试者数量较少、采用回顾性策略，以及“不受个人控制”的事件或被描述为“有威胁性”的事件未能证实近期生活事件与疾病发生之间的正向关系，对这些观察结果的解释应谨慎。目前的研究是近期大量研究的一部分，这些研究记录了近期生活事件的数量和/或重要性与心理症状及主要精神综合征发生之间的关系。精神分裂症患者与正常人在报告事件方面的总体差异似乎比抑郁症患者与正常人之间的差异要小。此外，事件对精神分裂症患者和抑郁症患者的意义不同。精神分裂症患者报告的近期生活事件的数量、类型、严重程度和模式表明，事件起到了促发作用而非形成作用。这些结果与另一项关于精神分裂症和近期生活经历的对照研究一致。
