作为压力的偏见：概念和测量问题。
Prejudice as stress: conceptual and measurement problems.
作者信息
Meyer Ilan H
机构信息
Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2003 Feb;93(2):262-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.2.262.
Abstract
In the field of social sciences, there has been a renewed interest in studying prejudice and discrimination as stressors and assessing their impact on various health outcomes. This raises a need for theoretically based and psychometrically sound measures of prejudice. As researchers approach this task, there are several conceptual issues that need to be addressed. The author describes 3 such issues related to (1) individual versus structural measures of the impact of prejudice, (2) objective versus subjective assessments of stress, and (3) measures of major events versus everyday discrimination. How researchers approach the problem of measurement depends on the specific study aims, but they must consider these conceptual issues and understand the advantages and limitations of various approaches to the study of prejudice as stress.
摘要
在社会科学领域，人们对将偏见和歧视作为压力源进行研究并评估其对各种健康结果的影响重新产生了兴趣。这就需要有基于理论且心理测量上可靠的偏见测量方法。当研究人员着手这项任务时，有几个概念性问题需要解决。作者描述了其中3个问题，分别涉及：（1）偏见影响的个体层面与结构层面的测量；（2）压力的客观评估与主观评估；（3）重大事件的测量与日常歧视的测量。研究人员如何处理测量问题取决于具体的研究目标，但他们必须考虑这些概念性问题，并了解研究偏见作为压力源的各种方法的优缺点。
相似文献
1
Prejudice as stress: conceptual and measurement problems.作为压力的偏见：概念和测量问题。
Am J Public Health. 2003 Feb;93(2):262-5. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.2.262.
2
Racial/ethnic discrimination and health: findings from community studies.种族/族裔歧视与健康：社区研究的结果
Am J Public Health. 2003 Feb;93(2):200-8. doi: 10.2105/ajph.93.2.200.
3
Conceptual and methodological aspects of relations between discrimination and health in epidemiological studies.流行病学研究中歧视与健康关系的概念和方法学方面。
Cad Saude Publica. 2012 Jan;28(1):177-83. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2012000100019.
4
Mental health disparities research: the impact of within and between group analyses on tests of social stress hypotheses.心理健康差异研究：组内和组间分析对社会压力假设检验的影响。
Soc Sci Med. 2010 Apr;70(8):1111-8. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.11.032. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
5
Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: conceptual issues and research evidence.女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋群体中的偏见、社会压力与心理健康：概念问题与研究证据
Psychol Bull. 2003 Sep;129(5):674-697. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674.
6
Race/Ethnicity and self-reported levels of discrimination and psychological distress, California, 2005.种族/民族与自我报告的歧视和心理困扰程度，加利福尼亚州，2005 年。
Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9:E156. doi: 10.5888/pcd9.120042.
7
Advancing health disparities research: can we afford to ignore measurement issues?推进健康差异研究：我们能忽视测量问题吗？
Med Care. 2003 Nov;41(11):1207-20. doi: 10.1097/01.MLR.0000093420.27745.48.
8
Everyday discrimination and physical health: Exploring mental health processes.日常歧视与身体健康：探索心理健康过程
J Health Psychol. 2016 Oct;21(10):2218-28. doi: 10.1177/1359105315572456. Epub 2015 Mar 2.
9
Discrimination and mental health problems among homeless minority young people.无家可归的少数族裔青年中的歧视和心理健康问题。
Public Health Rep. 2010 Jan-Feb;125(1):61-7. doi: 10.1177/003335491012500109.
10
Stress and coping: the influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal processing of African Americans.压力与应对：种族主义对非裔美国人认知评估过程的影响。
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 1993 Oct-Dec;14(4):399-409. doi: 10.3109/01612849309006902.
引用本文的文献
1
Intersections of Race, Gender, and Sexual Identity Attributions Toward Discrimination and Mental Health Across Three Cohorts of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adults.针对三组女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋成年人，关于种族、性别和性身份归因与歧视及心理健康之间的交叉关系
Psychol Sex Orientat Gend Divers. 2023 Oct 5. doi: 10.1037/sgd0000675.
2
Social rejection in minority groups and its impact on current and future mental health: a study in transgender people.少数群体中的社会排斥及其对当前和未来心理健康的影响：一项关于跨性别者的研究。
BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 1;13(1):693. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03020-4.
3
Multilevel Racism and Discrimination and Cardiovascular Disease and Related Biopsychosocial Mechanisms: An Integrated Scoping and Literature Review and Future Research Agenda.多层次种族主义与歧视以及心血管疾病和相关生物心理社会机制：一项综合范围界定与文献综述及未来研究议程
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2025 Jun 4;27(1):91. doi: 10.1007/s11886-025-02238-3.
4
Development and initial validation of the implicit internalized sexual orientation stigma affect misattribution procedure.内隐内化性取向污名影响错误归因程序的开发与初步验证
Front Psychol. 2024 Nov 29;15:1385410. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1385410. eCollection 2024.
5
Relations Between Optimism-Pessimism and Loneliness in Sexually Minoritized Men: The Moderating Role of Chronicity-Based Discrimination.性少数男性中乐观-悲观与孤独感之间的关系：基于长期性的歧视的调节作用。
J Homosex. 2024 Dec 13:1-20. doi: 10.1080/00918369.2024.2440344.
6
Factorial invariance of the Everyday Discrimination Scale among African, Caribbean, Black, and other racialized women living with and without HIV in British Columbia, Canada.加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省感染和未感染艾滋病毒的非洲、加勒比、黑人及其他种族化女性日常歧视量表的因子不变性。
Can J Public Health. 2025 Apr;116(2):219-230. doi: 10.17269/s41997-024-00966-7. Epub 2024 Dec 2.
7
State of the Science of Structural Stigma and LGBTQ+ Health: Meta-Analytic Evidence, Research Gaps, and Future Directions.结构性污名与 LGBTQ+ 健康的科学现状：荟萃分析证据、研究差距与未来方向
Annu Rev Public Health. 2025 Apr;46(1):213-231. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071723-013336. Epub 2024 Nov 12.
8
Gender diversity, gender liminality in French Polynesia.法属波利尼西亚的性别多样性与性别阈限
Int J Transgend Health. 2023 Dec 13;25(4):926-942. doi: 10.1080/26895269.2023.2291128. eCollection 2024.
9
Lesbian and Gay Population, Work Experience, and Well-Being: A Ten-Year Systematic Review.女同性恋、男同性恋群体、工作经历和幸福感：十年系统性回顾。
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Oct 14;21(10):1355. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21101355.
10
Transgender Health in the Middle East Region: What Do We Know So Far? A Literature Review.中东地区的跨性别健康：我们目前了解多少？文献综述
Transgend Health. 2024 Oct 9;9(5):375-388. doi: 10.1089/trgh.2022.0080. eCollection 2024 Oct.
本文引用的文献
1
Discrimination and unfair treatment: relationship to cardiovascular reactivity among African American and European American women.歧视与不公平待遇：非裔美国女性和欧裔美国女性心血管反应性之间的关系
Health Psychol. 2001 Sep;20(5):315-25. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.20.5.315.
2
Neighborhood of residence and incidence of coronary heart disease.居住社区与冠心病发病率
N Engl J Med. 2001 Jul 12;345(2):99-106. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200107123450205.
3
Racism as a stressor for African Americans. A biopsychosocial model.种族主义作为非裔美国人面临的一种压力源。一种生物心理社会模型。
Am Psychol. 1999 Oct;54(10):805-16. doi: 10.1037//0003-066x.54.10.805.
4
The prevalence, distribution, and mental health correlates of perceived discrimination in the United States.美国感知到的歧视的患病率、分布情况及其与心理健康的关联。
J Health Soc Behav. 1999 Sep;40(3):208-30.
5
The right answer for the wrong question: consequences of type III error for public health research.错误问题的正确答案：III型错误对公共卫生研究的影响
Am J Public Health. 1999 Aug;89(8):1175-80. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.8.1175.
6
Symptoms, hassles, social supports, and life events: problem of confounded measures.症状、日常困扰、社会支持与生活事件：测量混淆问题
J Abnorm Psychol. 1984 May;93(2):222-30. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.93.2.222.
Zotero 插件