Hu Q., Hansen N., Laursen J., Dixelius C., Andersen B.
Department of Agricultural Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 40 Thorvaldsensvej, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark,
Theor Appl Genet. 2002 Nov;105(6-7):834-840. doi: 10.1007/s00122-002-1017-y. Epub 2002 Jul 18.
Protoplast fusions between Brassica napus and Orychophragmus violaceus for transfer of valuable traits to oilseed rape resulted in 257 somatic hybrid plants. Hybridity was confirmed by morphological, cytological and molecular means. Symmetric fusions gave rise to 131 plants. Fifty eight of these plants had an intermediate morphology and contained nuclear DNA corresponding to the sum of the parental species. All 131 plants were sterile with no pollen grains observed upon flowering. Another 126 plants were derived from asymmetric fusions in which protoplasts of the donor parent O. violaceus were irradiated by 100 or 200-Gy X-rays prior to fusion. Morphologically these plants showed a larger variation compared to the plants regenerated from symmetric fusion experiments. In contrast to plants obtained from symmetric fusions, fertile hybrids were recovered among regenerants from the asymmetric fusions. Twenty four of these plants released viable pollen grains and 14 of the determined 17 plants set seeds after either selfing or backcrossing to B. napus. Fourteen male-sterile plants were identified with female fertility. This observed male sterility most-likely originated from alloplasmic recombination and would be of great potential for the development of a new cytoplasmic male sterility system. The fatty acid composition of the fertile hybrids and their progenies showed a biased distribution towards the B. napus parent, which has a high erucic acid-content type. However, increased levels of palmitic and linoleic acids compared to B. napus were found in subsequent generations, as well as a reduced level of erucic acid.
甘蓝型油菜与诸葛菜进行原生质体融合以将有价值的性状转移到油菜中，获得了257株体细胞杂种植物。通过形态学、细胞学和分子手段证实了杂种性。对称融合产生了131株植物。其中58株植物具有中间形态，其核DNA相当于亲本物种之和。所有131株植物均不育，开花时未观察到花粉粒。另外126株植物来自不对称融合，其中供体亲本诸葛菜的原生质体在融合前用100或200戈瑞的X射线进行辐照。与对称融合实验再生的植物相比，这些植物在形态上表现出更大的变异性。与对称融合获得的植物不同，不对称融合再生植株中获得了可育杂种。其中24株植物释放出有活力的花粉粒，在17株经鉴定的植株中，有14株在自交或与甘蓝型油菜回交后结籽。鉴定出14株雄性不育但具有雌性功能的植株。观察到的这种雄性不育很可能源于异质重组，对开发新的细胞质雄性不育系统具有很大潜力。可育杂种及其后代的脂肪酸组成偏向于甘蓝型油菜亲本，该亲本为高芥酸含量类型。然而，在后代中发现棕榈酸和亚油酸水平相对于甘蓝型油菜有所增加，同时芥酸水平降低。
