Conway Joan M, Ingwersen Linda A, Vinyard Bryan T, Moshfegh Alanna J
Diet and Human Performance Laboratory, US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1171-8. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.5.1171.
National surveys of food intake rely on the 24-h dietary recall method for assessing the nutrient intakes of Americans.
This observational validation study was conducted under controlled conditions to test the effectiveness of the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) 5-step multiple-pass method for dietary recall; to test the ability of normal weight, overweight, and obese women to recall food intake; and to test the accuracy of macronutrient recall.
Women (n = 49) aged 21-65 y with a body mass index (in kg/m(2)) of 20-45 selected all meals and snacks for 1 d from a wide variety of foods. A 24-h dietary recall with the use of the USDA 5-step multiple-pass method was administered by telephone the following day. Analysis of variance and covariance tested the overall accuracy of recall and the effect of BMI on dietary recall.
As a population, the women overestimated their energy and carbohydrate intakes by 8-10%. No significant differences between mean actual and recalled intakes of energy and the macronutrients were observed in the obese women. Normal-weight and overweight women significantly (P < 0.01) overestimated their energy, protein, and carbohydrate intakes. Recalled fat intake was not significantly different from actual intake in women across the BMI range studied.
The USDA 5-step multiple-pass method effectively assessed mean energy intake within 10% of mean actual intake on the previous day. Obese women more accurately recalled food intake than did overweight and normal-weight women despite undereating on the day of the study.
全国食物摄入量调查依靠24小时膳食回顾法来评估美国人的营养素摄入量。
本观察性验证研究在可控条件下进行，以测试美国农业部（USDA）5步多次通过膳食回顾法的有效性；测试正常体重、超重和肥胖女性回忆食物摄入量的能力；并测试宏量营养素回忆的准确性。
选取49名年龄在21 - 65岁、体重指数（kg/m²）为20 - 45的女性，让她们从多种食物中选择1天的所有餐食和零食。次日通过电话采用USDA 5步多次通过法进行24小时膳食回顾。方差分析和协方差分析用于测试回忆的总体准确性以及体重指数对膳食回顾的影响。
总体而言，这些女性高估了她们的能量和碳水化合物摄入量8 - 10%。在肥胖女性中，未观察到能量及宏量营养素的实际摄入量与回忆摄入量之间存在显著差异。正常体重和超重女性显著（P < 0.01）高估了她们的能量、蛋白质和碳水化合物摄入量。在所研究的体重指数范围内，女性回忆的脂肪摄入量与实际摄入量无显著差异。
USDA 5步多次通过法能有效评估前一天平均能量摄入量，其误差在平均实际摄入量的10%以内。尽管在研究当天摄入不足，但肥胖女性比超重和正常体重女性更准确地回忆了食物摄入量。
