Ma Yunsheng, Bertone Elizabeth R, Stanek Edward J, Reed George W, Hebert James R, Cohen Nancy L, Merriam Philip A, Ockene Ira S
Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Jul 1;158(1):85-92. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwg117.
Some studies have suggested that eating patterns, which describe eating frequency, the temporal distribution of eating events across the day, breakfast skipping, and the frequency of eating meals away from home, may be related to obesity. Data from the Seasonal Variation of Blood Cholesterol Study (1994-1998) were used to evaluate the relation between eating patterns and obesity. Three 24-hour dietary recalls and a body weight measurement were collected at five equally spaced time points over a 1-year period from 499 participants. Data were averaged for five time periods, and a cross-sectional analysis was conducted. Odds ratios were adjusted for other obesity risk factors including age, sex, physical activity, and total energy intake. Results indicate that a greater number of eating episodes each day was associated with a lower risk of obesity (odds ratio for four or more eating episodes vs. three or fewer = 0.55, 95% confidence interval: 0.33, 0.91). In contrast, skipping breakfast was associated with increased prevalence of obesity (odds ratio = 4.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 12.90), as was greater frequency of eating breakfast or dinner away from home. Further investigation of these associations in prospective studies is warranted.
一些研究表明，饮食模式，即描述进食频率、一天中进食事件的时间分布、不吃早餐以及在外就餐频率等，可能与肥胖有关。胆固醇季节性变化研究（1994 - 1998年）的数据被用于评估饮食模式与肥胖之间的关系。在1年时间内，从499名参与者中，在五个等距时间点收集了三次24小时饮食回忆和一次体重测量数据。对五个时间段的数据进行平均，并进行横断面分析。对其他肥胖风险因素进行了调整，包括年龄、性别、身体活动和总能量摄入。结果表明，每天进食次数较多与较低的肥胖风险相关（四次或更多次进食与三次或更少次进食相比的优势比 = 0.55，95%置信区间：0.33，0.91）。相比之下，不吃早餐与肥胖患病率增加相关（优势比 = 4.5，95%置信区间：1.57，12.90），在外吃早餐或晚餐的频率较高也与肥胖患病率增加相关。有必要在前瞻性研究中对这些关联进行进一步调查。
