Hignett S
Department of Human Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
Occup Environ Med. 2003 Sep;60(9):E6. doi: 10.1136/oem.60.9.e6.
To report, analyse, and discuss the results of a systematic review looking at intervention strategies to reduce the risk factors associated with patient handling activities.
A search strategy was devised to seek out research between 1960 and 2001. Inclusion/exclusion criteria limited the entry of papers into the review process. A checklist was selected and modified to include a wide range of study designs. Inter-rater reliability was established between six reviewers before the main review process commenced. Each paper was read by two reviewers and given a quality rating score, with any conflicts being resolved by a third reviewer. Papers were grouped by category: multifactor, single factor, and technique training based interventions.
A total of 2796 papers were found, of which 880 were appraised. Sixty three papers relating to interventions are reported in this paper. The results are reported as summary statements with the associated evidence level (strong, moderate, limited, or poor).
There is strong evidence that interventions predominantly based on technique training have no impact on working practices or injury rates. Multifactor interventions, based on a risk assessment programme, are most likely to be successful in reducing risk factors related to patient handling activities. The seven most commonly used strategies are identified and it is suggested that these could be used to form the basis of a generic intervention programme, with additional local priorities identified through the risk assessment process. Health care providers should review their policies and procedures in light of these findings.
报告、分析和讨论一项系统评价的结果，该评价着眼于降低与患者搬运活动相关风险因素的干预策略。
设计了一种检索策略，以查找1960年至2001年间的研究。纳入/排除标准限制了论文进入综述过程。选择并修改了一份清单，以纳入广泛的研究设计。在主要综述过程开始前，在六位评审员之间建立了评分者间信度。每篇论文由两位评审员阅读并给出质量评分，如有冲突则由第三位评审员解决。论文按类别分组：基于多因素、单因素和技术培训的干预措施。
共找到2796篇论文，其中880篇经过评估。本文报告了63篇与干预措施相关的论文。结果以总结陈述及相关证据水平（强、中、有限或差）的形式呈现。
有强有力的证据表明，主要基于技术培训的干预措施对工作实践或受伤率没有影响。基于风险评估计划的多因素干预措施最有可能成功降低与患者搬运活动相关的风险因素。确定了七种最常用的策略，并建议这些策略可用于形成通用干预计划的基础，通过风险评估过程确定额外的当地优先事项。医疗保健提供者应根据这些发现审查其政策和程序。
