Ali N, Siktberg L
Ball State University School of Nursing, Muncie, IN, USA.
Pediatr Nurs. 2001 Mar-Apr;27(2):132, 135-9.
Adolescence is a critical period for physiologic growth. Calcium consumption and exercise affect bone mass, and both may be the most significant factors in preventing osteoporosis. The purpose of this study was to identify problem areas that would place adolescent females at risk for developing osteoporosis. The sample consisted of 293 adolescent females, ages 14 to 19 years. Data collected included assessment of calcium consumption, physical activities, and variables that may affect both. Results showed that participants consumed inadequate calcium but were attentive to participate in physical activities. Half of the sample reported skipping one meal per day, slightly over half were trying to lose weight, and almost three fourths were trying to keep from gaining weight. Predictors of calcium intake were skipping meals, perception of barriers to calcium intake, and trying to lose weight (beta weight: 0.29, 0.28, and 0.25, respectively). Predictors of exercise were perceptions of barriers and benefits to exercise (beta weights: 0.27 and 0.13, respectively). Nutritional education and behavior modification strategies to address the findings are presented.
青春期是生理生长的关键时期。钙的摄入量和运动量会影响骨量，而且这两者可能是预防骨质疏松症的最重要因素。本研究的目的是确定会使青春期女性面临患骨质疏松症风险的问题领域。样本包括293名年龄在14至19岁之间的青春期女性。收集的数据包括对钙摄入量、体育活动以及可能影响两者的变量的评估。结果显示，参与者钙摄入量不足，但热衷于参加体育活动。一半的样本报告称每天有一顿饭不吃，略超过一半的人试图减肥，近四分之三的人试图避免体重增加。钙摄入量的预测因素是不吃饭、对钙摄入障碍的认知以及试图减肥（β权重分别为0.29、0.28和0.25）。运动的预测因素是对运动障碍和益处的认知（β权重分别为0.27和0.13）。针对这些研究结果，提出了营养教育和行为改变策略。
