Axelrod Beth, Handfield-Jones Helen, Michaels Ed
McKinsey & Company, Stamford, Connecticut, USA.
Harv Bus Rev. 2002 Jan;80(1):80-8, 126.
It's a big driver of business success, but one that executives are loath to talk about: upgrading the talent pool by weeding out "C" players from management. These aren't the incompetent or unethical managers whom organizations dismiss without a backward glance; C performers deliver results that are acceptable--barely--but they fail to innovate or to inspire the people they lead. The authors of The War for Talent have studied what it takes to upgrade an organization's talent pool. In this article, they explore the hidden costs of tolerating under-performance and acknowledge the reasons why executives may shy away from dealing decisively with C players. They recommend that organizations take an "iron hand in a velvet glove" approach to managing subpar performers. That is, companies should establish rigorous, disciplined processes for assessing and dealing with low-performing managers but still treat them with respect. The authors outline three ironhanded steps. First, executives must identify C players by evaluating their talents and distributing employee performances along an assessment curve. Second, executives must agree on explicit action plans that articulate the improvements or changes that C performers must achieve within six to 12 months. And third, executives should hold managers accountable for carrying out the action plans. Without such discipline, procrastination, rationalization, and inaction will prevail. The authors also emphasize the need for the "velvet glove." Executives must ensure that low performers are treated with dignity, so they should offer candid feedback, instructive coaching, and generous severance packages and outplacement support. The authors' approach isn't about being tough on people; it's about being relentlessly focused on performance.
这是商业成功的一个重要驱动因素,但却是高管们不愿谈论的一点:通过淘汰管理层中的“C类”员工来升级人才库。这些并非是那些组织毫不犹豫就解雇的无能或不道德的管理者;C类表现者能取得勉强可以接受的业绩,但他们无法创新,也无法激励他们所领导的员工。《人才战争》的作者研究了升级组织人才库所需的条件。在本文中,他们探讨了容忍表现不佳所带来的隐性成本,并承认了高管们可能回避果断处理C类员工的原因。他们建议组织采取“外柔内刚”的方式来管理表现不佳的员工。也就是说,公司应该建立严格、规范的流程来评估和处理表现不佳的管理者,但仍要给予他们尊重。作者概述了三个强硬的步骤。首先,高管们必须通过评估他们的才能并根据评估曲线分布员工表现来识别C类员工。其次,高管们必须就明确的行动计划达成一致,这些计划要阐明C类表现者在6到12个月内必须实现的改进或改变。第三,高管们应该让管理者对执行行动计划负责。没有这样的纪律,拖延、合理化解释和不作为将会盛行。作者还强调了“外柔”的必要性。高管们必须确保表现不佳的员工得到有尊严的对待,所以他们应该提供坦诚的反馈、有指导意义的辅导、慷慨的离职金和再就业支持。作者的方法不是要对人苛刻;而是要始终专注于业绩。