Martín E, Parras P, Lozano M C
Microbiology Laboratory, Valme University Hospital, Seville, Spain.
Chemotherapy. 1992;38(5):335-9. doi: 10.1159/000239023.
The in vitro activity of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole was tested against 245 yeast strains isolated from clinical specimens (68 Candida albicans, 74 Candida tropicalis, 43 Candida krusei, 28 Candida glabrata, 19 Candida parapsilosis, 8 Candida lusitaniae and 5 Candida guilliermondii). An agar dilution method was employed to carry out testing. Minimal inhibitory concentrations to restrain 90% of isolate growth (MIC90) ranged from 0.12 to 2 mg/l for amphotericin B and for 5-fluorocytosine, from 0.03 to 8 mg/l for ketoconazole, from 0.05 to 50 mg/l for itraconazole and from 0.1 to > 100 mg/l for fluconazole. Among the azole derivatives, the most active was ketoconazole, followed by itraconazole. Only 1 strain of C. albicans was resistant to amphotericin B (MIC > 4 mg/l). Both C. tropicalis and C. krusei responded poorly to fluconazole and the former to itraconazole as well. The species most susceptible to the antifungal agents tested was C. glabrata and the most resistant were C. tropicalis and C. krusei.
对从临床标本中分离出的245株酵母菌株（68株白色念珠菌、74株热带念珠菌、43株克柔念珠菌、28株光滑念珠菌、19株近平滑念珠菌、8株葡萄牙念珠菌和5株季也蒙念珠菌）进行了两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶、酮康唑、氟康唑和伊曲康唑的体外活性测试。采用琼脂稀释法进行测试。两性霉素B抑制90%菌株生长的最低抑菌浓度（MIC90）范围为0.12至2mg/l，5-氟胞嘧啶为0.03至8mg/l，酮康唑为0.03至8mg/l，伊曲康唑为0.05至50mg/l，氟康唑为0.1至>100mg/l。在唑类衍生物中，活性最强的是酮康唑，其次是伊曲康唑。仅1株白色念珠菌对两性霉素B耐药（MIC>4mg/l）。热带念珠菌和克柔念珠菌对氟康唑反应不佳，前者对伊曲康唑也反应不佳。对所测试抗真菌药物最敏感的菌种是光滑念珠菌，最耐药的是热带念珠菌和克柔念珠菌。
