Chany C
Biomedicine. 1976 Jun;24(3):148-57.
The cell membrane, in addition to other functions, plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism governed by messenger proteins (or other substances) acting from the outside. The interferon receptor system located in the cell membrane (used as a model) might consist of two components: a binding site and an activator site. As shown by experiments based on competition between interferons for the same receptor, binding is not necessarily followed by activation of the antiviral state. It is possible that polysaccharid residues present in gangliosides play an important role in binding. A critical concentration of interferon molecules in contact with the receptors is needed to induce the antiviral state, which is thus a cooperative process. The activation and probably the amplification of the response require free membrane-bound energy and the integrity of the cytoskeletal components of the cell. Modifications in cell membrane structure can change the response to interferon; on the other hand, interferon might induce changes in the cell membrane which finally result in an altered response to toxins and, in some instances, in recovery of lost contact inhibition in transformed cells.
细胞膜除了具有其他功能外，在调节由来自细胞外部起作用的信使蛋白（或其他物质）控制的细胞代谢方面发挥着重要作用。位于细胞膜上的干扰素受体系统（作为模型）可能由两个部分组成：一个结合位点和一个激活位点。基于干扰素对同一受体的竞争所做的实验表明，结合并不一定会紧接着激活抗病毒状态。神经节苷脂中存在的多糖残基可能在结合过程中起重要作用。诱导抗病毒状态需要与受体接触的干扰素分子达到临界浓度，因此这是一个协同过程。反应的激活以及可能的放大需要游离的膜结合能量和细胞细胞骨架成分的完整性。细胞膜结构的改变会改变对干扰素的反应；另一方面，干扰素可能会诱导细胞膜发生变化，最终导致对毒素的反应改变，并且在某些情况下，使转化细胞恢复失去的接触抑制。
