Portnoi Galina, Chng Lu-Ann, Karimi-Tabesh Lida, Koren Gideon, Tan Michael Paul, Einarson Adrienne
The Motherisk Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Nov;189(5):1374-7. doi: 10.1067/s0002-9378(03)00649-5.
The primary objective of our study was to examine the safety and the secondary objective was to examine the effectiveness of ginger for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP).
Pregnant women who called the Motherisk Program who were taking ginger during the first trimester of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. The women were compared with a group of women who were exposed to nonteratogenic drugs that were not antiemetic medications. The women were followed up to ascertain the outcome of the pregnancy and the health of their infants. They were also asked on a scale of 0 to 10 how effective the ginger was for their symptoms of NVP.
We were able to ascertain the outcome of 187 pregnancies. There were 181 live births, 2 stillbirths, 3 spontaneous abortions, and 1 therapeutic abortion. The mean birth weight was 3542+/-543 g, the mean gestational age was 39+/-2 weeks, and there were three major malformations. There were no statistical differences in the outcomes between the ginger group and the comparison group with the exception of more infants weighing less than 2500 g in the comparison group (12 vs 3, P < or =.001). There were a total of 66 completed effectiveness scores with the mean score of 3.3+/-2.9 SD.
These results suggest that ginger does not appear to increase the rates of major malformations above the baseline rate of 1% to 3% and that it has a mild effect in the treatment of NVP.
本研究的主要目的是检测安全性，次要目的是检测生姜治疗妊娠恶心和呕吐（NVP）的有效性。
拨打母婴风险项目热线、在妊娠头三个月服用生姜的孕妇被纳入研究。将这些女性与一组接触非致畸药物（非止吐药物）的女性进行比较。对这些女性进行随访以确定妊娠结局及其婴儿的健康状况。还询问她们生姜对其NVP症状的缓解效果，以0至10分进行评分。
我们得以确定187例妊娠的结局。有181例活产、2例死产、3例自然流产和1例治疗性流产。平均出生体重为3542±543克，平均孕周为39±2周，有3例严重畸形。生姜组与对照组的结局无统计学差异，但对照组体重低于2500克的婴儿更多（12例对3例，P≤0.001）。共有66个完整的有效性评分，平均评分为3.3±2.9标准差。
这些结果表明，生姜似乎不会使严重畸形率高于1%至3%的基线率，且对治疗NVP有轻微效果。
