Stanisiere Julien, Mousset Pierre-Yves, Lafay Sophie
GYNOV SAS, 5 rue Salneuve, 75017 Paris, France.
Foods. 2018 Apr 1;7(4):50. doi: 10.3390/foods7040050.
Ginger, Roscoe, is increasingly consumed as a food or in food supplements. It is also recognized as a popular nonpharmacological treatment for nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). However, its consumption is not recommended by all countries for pregnant women. Study results are heterogeneous and conclusions are not persuasive enough to permit heath care professionals to recommend ginger safely. Some drugs are also contraindicated, leaving pregnant women with NVP with few solutions. We conducted a review to assess effectiveness and safety of ginger consumption during early pregnancy. Systematic literature searches were conducted on Medline (via Pubmed) until the end of December 2017. For the evaluation of efficacy, only double-blind, randomized, controlled trials were included. For the evaluation of the safety, controlled, uncontrolled, and pre-clinical studies were included in the review. Concerning toxicity, none can be extrapolated to humans from in vitro results. In vivo studies do not identify any major toxicities. Concerning efficacy and safety, a total of 15 studies and 3 prospective clinical studies have been studied. For 1 g of fresh ginger root per day for four days, results show a significant decrease in nausea and vomiting and no risk for the mother or her future baby. The available evidence suggests that ginger is a safe and effective treatment for NVP. However, beyond the ginger quantity needed to be effective, ginger quality is important from the perspective of safety.
姜，尤其是罗斯科姜，越来越多地被用作食物或添加到食品补充剂中。它也被认为是治疗妊娠恶心和呕吐（NVP）的一种常用非药物疗法。然而，并非所有国家都建议孕妇食用姜。研究结果参差不齐，结论也不足以让医疗保健专业人员放心地推荐姜。一些药物也存在禁忌，使得患有NVP的孕妇几乎没有解决办法。我们进行了一项综述，以评估孕早期食用姜的有效性和安全性。截至2017年12月底，我们在Medline（通过PubMed）上进行了系统的文献检索。在评估疗效时，只纳入了双盲、随机、对照试验。在评估安全性时，综述纳入了对照研究、非对照研究和临床前研究。关于毒性，体外研究结果无法推断至人类。体内研究未发现任何重大毒性。关于疗效和安全性，共研究了15项研究和3项前瞻性临床研究。每天服用1克新鲜姜根，持续四天，结果显示恶心和呕吐显著减少，对母亲或其未来的宝宝没有风险。现有证据表明，姜是治疗NVP的一种安全有效的方法。然而，除了有效所需的姜的量之外，从安全角度来看，姜的质量也很重要。
