Gorostiaga E M, Izquierdo M, Ruesta M, Iribarren J, González-Badillo J J, Ibáñez J
Centro de Investigación y Medicina del Deporte de Navarra, Gobierno de Navarra, C/ Paulino Caballero 13, 31002 Pamplona, Spain.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 May;91(5-6):698-707. doi: 10.1007/s00421-003-1032-y. Epub 2003 Dec 24.
To determine the effects of simultaneous explosive strength and soccer training in young men, 8 experimental (S) and 11 control (C) players, aged 17.2 (0.6) years, were tested before and after an 11-week training period with respect to the load-vertical jumping curve [loads of 0-70 kg (counter-movement jump CMJ0-70)], 5- and 15-m sprint performances, submaximal running endurance and basal serum concentrations of testosterone, free testosterone and cortisol. In the S group, the 11-week training resulted in significant increases in the low-force portion of the load-vertical jumping curve (5-14% in CMJ0-30, P<0.01) and in resting serum total testosterone concentrations (7.5%, P<0.05), whereas no changes were observed in sprint running performance, blood lactate during submaximal running, resting serum cortisol and resting serum free testosterone concentrations. In the C group, no changes were observed during the experimental period. In the S group, the changes in CMJ0 correlated ( P<0.05-0.01) with the changes in the 5-m ( r=0.86) and 15-m ( r=0.92) sprints, whereas the changes in CMJ40 correlated negatively with the changes in the testosterone:cortisol ratio ( r=-0.84, -0.92, respectively, P<0.05). These data indicate that young trained soccer players with low initial strength levels can increase explosive strength by adding low-frequency, low-intensity explosive-type strength training. The inverse correlations observed between changes in CMJ40 and changes in the testosterone:cortisol ratio suggest that a transient drop in this ratio below 45% cannot always be interpreted as a sign of overstrain or neuroendocrine dysfunction.
为了确定同时进行爆发力训练和足球训练对年轻男性的影响，选取了8名实验（S）组和11名对照（C）组球员，年龄为17.2（0.6）岁，在为期11周的训练期前后，对他们进行了负荷垂直跳跃曲线[0-70千克负荷（反向移动跳跃CMJ0-70）]、5米和15米短跑成绩、次最大强度跑步耐力以及睾酮、游离睾酮和皮质醇的基础血清浓度测试。在S组中，为期11周的训练使负荷垂直跳跃曲线的低力部分（CMJ0-30中增加5%-14%，P<0.01）以及静息血清总睾酮浓度（增加7.5%，P<0.05）显著增加，而短跑成绩、次最大强度跑步时的血乳酸、静息血清皮质醇和静息血清游离睾酮浓度均未观察到变化。在C组中，实验期间未观察到变化。在S组中，CMJ0的变化与5米（r=0.86）和15米（r=0.92）短跑的变化相关（P<0.05-0.01），而CMJ40的变化与睾酮：皮质醇比值的变化呈负相关（分别为r=-0.84、-0.92，P<0.05）。这些数据表明，初始力量水平较低的年轻足球训练球员可以通过增加低频、低强度的爆发性力量训练来提高爆发力。CMJ40的变化与睾酮：皮质醇比值的变化之间的负相关表明，该比值暂时降至45%以下并不总是可以解释为过度疲劳或神经内分泌功能障碍的迹象。
