Bartholomeusz Angeline, Schaefer Stephan
Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North Melbourne 3051, Australia.
Rev Med Virol. 2004 Jan-Feb;14(1):3-16. doi: 10.1002/rmv.400.
There are eight genotypes of HBV designated A to H based on greater than 8% nucleotide variation over the entire genome. Hepadnaviruses infecting primates like the chimpanzee, orangutan and gibbon are very similar and can be regarded as genotypes of HBV. The eight genotypes of HBV show a distinct geographical distribution and influence the course of disease and the prognosis of treatment. Due to the variability of HBV, diagnostic procedures risk giving false-negative results or reporting an inaccurately low quantitative result. Thus, the variability of HBV genotypes can influence the interpretation of diagnostic data and the therapeutic decisions thereof in an unwanted way. HBV genotypes differ in the length of their genomes. The old system of numbering HBV nucleotides from the start of a non-conserved EcoRI site in the genome leads to difficulties in comparing nucleotide positions between genotypes. A numbering system is presented which avoids this problem. In addition we discuss the currently available methods for genotyping HBV.
基于整个基因组超过8%的核苷酸变异，乙肝病毒（HBV）有A至H八种基因型。感染黑猩猩、猩猩和长臂猿等灵长类动物的嗜肝DNA病毒非常相似，可被视为HBV的基因型。HBV的八种基因型呈现出明显的地理分布，并影响疾病进程和治疗预后。由于HBV的变异性，诊断程序有得出假阴性结果或报告定量结果不准确偏低的风险。因此，HBV基因型的变异性可能会以不良方式影响诊断数据的解读及其治疗决策。HBV基因型的基因组长度不同。旧的从基因组中非保守EcoRI位点起始对HBV核苷酸进行编号的系统，导致在比较不同基因型的核苷酸位置时出现困难。本文提出了一种可避免此问题的编号系统。此外，我们还讨论了目前可用的HBV基因分型方法。
