Niaura R, Abrams D B, Pedraza M, Monti P M, Rohsenow D J
Division of Behavioral Medicine, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906.
Addict Behav. 1992 Nov-Dec;17(6):557-66. doi: 10.1016/0306-4603(92)90065-4.
This study examined smokers' reactions to smoking cues and interpersonal interaction. Fifty-six smokers were assigned at random to the six cells of a factorial design which varied the level of interpersonal interaction (role play with a confederate vs. confederate absent) and the level of exposure to smoking cues (no cues vs. visual cues vs. visual plus olfactory cues). Measures of reactivity included changes from resting baseline on blood pressure, heart rate, self-reported smoking urge, and a measure of ad lib smoking behavior obtained after exposure to the experimental procedures. Results showed that blood pressure responses increased significantly from baseline only during the role play situation where the confederate manipulated an unlit cigarette or smoked a cigarette in view of the subjects. Although not significant, heart rate changes paralleled blood pressure changes, but urge ratings showed a different pattern of response to the manipulations. The latency to smoking a cigarette after the experimental manipulations was unaffected by the cues. The results suggest that modelling of smoking by others and exposure to some kinds of smoking cues may increase cardiovascular activation.
本研究考察了吸烟者对吸烟提示和人际互动的反应。56名吸烟者被随机分配到析因设计的六个单元格中，该设计改变了人际互动水平（与一名同谋进行角色扮演与无同谋）以及接触吸烟提示的水平（无提示与视觉提示与视觉加嗅觉提示）。反应性测量包括从静息基线开始的血压、心率、自我报告的吸烟冲动变化，以及在接触实验程序后获得的随意吸烟行为测量。结果表明，仅在同谋在受试者面前摆弄未点燃香烟或吸烟的角色扮演情境中，血压反应才从基线显著增加。虽然不显著，但心率变化与血压变化平行，但冲动评分对这些操作显示出不同的反应模式。实验操作后吸烟的潜伏期不受提示的影响。结果表明，他人的吸烟示范和接触某些类型的吸烟提示可能会增加心血管激活。
