Rongkavilit Chokechai, Asmar Basim I
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
Indian J Pediatr. 2004 Jan;71(1):69-79. doi: 10.1007/BF02725662.
Advances have been made in the understanding of the pathogenesis of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Most transmission occurs during delivery and after birth throught breastfeeding. For this reason, efforts to interrupt transmission have focused on peripartum period and infant feeding. This includes the use of antiretroviral therapy, elective cesarean section and avoidance of breastfeeding. This review summarizes recent major studies and new development on the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission. The application and the impact of such interventions in developing world is discussed. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV should now be integrated as part of basic maternal and child health services in developing countries.
在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）母婴传播的发病机制理解方面已取得进展。大多数传播发生在分娩期间和出生后通过母乳喂养。因此，阻断传播的努力集中在围产期和婴儿喂养方面。这包括使用抗逆转录病毒疗法、选择性剖宫产和避免母乳喂养。本综述总结了预防HIV母婴传播的近期主要研究和新进展。讨论了这些干预措施在发展中世界的应用及其影响。现在，预防HIV母婴传播应纳入发展中国家基本母婴健康服务的一部分。
