Valacchi Giuseppe, Pagnin Elisa, Corbacho Ana M, Olano Estibaliz, Davis Paul A, Packer Lester, Cross Carroll E
Center for Comparative Respiratory Biology and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Mar 1;36(5):673-81. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.12.005.
Lung and skin are the organs directly exposed to environmental pollution. Ozone (O(3)) is a toxic, oxidant air pollutant, and exposure has been shown to induce antioxidant depletion as well as oxidation of lipids and proteins within the outermost skin layer (stratum corneum) and the lung respiratory tract lining fluids (RTLFs). To further define skin and lung responses to O(3) exposure, SKH-1 hairless mice were exposed to either 0.8 ppm of O(3) (a level occasionally reached in very polluted areas) or ambient air 6 h/day for 6 consecutive days. O(3) exposure resulted in the depletion of alpha-tocopherol in lung and plasma and induction in both skin and lung of heme oxygenase 1, cyclooxygenase 2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. O(3)-exposed animals showed a similar extent of upregulation of COX-2 and PCNA in lung and skin, whereas HO-1 was more responsive in skin than in lung (7-fold induction vs. 2-fold induction). In addition to these measures of response to oxidative stress, O(3) exposure led to the activation of nuclear factor kappaB measured as IkappaBalpha phosphorylation in both tissues. We conclude that in this model, O(3) at high pollutant levels is able to affect both lung and skin biology, inducing depletion of alpha-tocopherol and inducing stress-related responses in both skin epidermis and respiratory tract epithelium.
肺和皮肤是直接暴露于环境污染的器官。臭氧（O₃）是一种有毒的氧化性空气污染物，已表明暴露于臭氧会导致抗氧化剂耗竭，以及最外层皮肤层（角质层）和肺呼吸道内衬液（RTLFs）中的脂质和蛋白质氧化。为了进一步明确皮肤和肺对臭氧暴露的反应，将SKH - 1无毛小鼠连续6天每天6小时暴露于0.8 ppm的臭氧（这是在污染非常严重的地区偶尔会达到的水平）或环境空气中。臭氧暴露导致肺和血浆中α - 生育酚的耗竭，并在皮肤和肺中诱导血红素加氧酶1、环氧化酶2和增殖细胞核抗原的表达。暴露于臭氧的动物在肺和皮肤中COX - 2和PCNA的上调程度相似，而HO - 1在皮肤中的反应比在肺中更明显（诱导7倍 vs. 诱导2倍）。除了这些对氧化应激反应的指标外，臭氧暴露还导致两个组织中以IkappaBalpha磷酸化衡量的核因子kappaB的激活。我们得出结论，在这个模型中，高污染水平的臭氧能够影响肺和皮肤生物学，诱导α - 生育酚的耗竭，并在皮肤表皮和呼吸道上皮中诱导应激相关反应。
