Havenith George, Heus Ronald
TNO Human Factors, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.
Appl Ergon. 2004 Jan;35(1):3-20. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2003.11.001.
Specialised protective clothing, such as that worn by firefighters, is usually tested only to standards which give requirements for the materials used (e.g. EN469). However, this testing often neglects the effect the manufacturing process of the garment has on the material properties, the effects of clothing design, sizing and fit, as well as the interaction of the clothing with other components of the standard gear for the profession. Such effects can only be tested by looking at the protective gear as a whole. This paper deals with methods to do additional testing on protective garments with firefighter clothing as example. In other words, methods which go beyond EN469. Human subject tests for physiological load, heat protection, ergonomic design, loss of performance, rain/moisture protection and conspicuity/visibility of the clothing are described and proposed for evaluation of protective clothing in general and for further development of standards on firefighters' clothing.
特种防护服,比如消防员所穿的防护服,通常仅按照针对所用材料的标准进行测试(例如EN469)。然而,这种测试常常忽略了服装制造工艺对材料性能的影响、服装设计、尺寸和合身性的影响,以及服装与该职业标准装备的其他组件之间的相互作用。只有将防护服作为一个整体来考量,才能测试这些影响。本文以消防员服装为例,探讨对防护服进行额外测试的方法。换言之,这些方法超越了EN469标准。文中描述并提出了针对人体生理负荷、热防护、人体工程学设计、性能损失、防雨/防潮以及服装醒目性/可视性的人体测试,以评估一般防护服,并推动消防员服装标准的进一步发展。