Park Benjamin J, Peck Angela J, Kuehnert Matthew J, Newbern Claire, Smelser Chad, Comer James A, Jernigan Daniel, McDonald L Clifford
Mycotic Diseases Branch, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Feb;10(2):244-8. doi: 10.3201/eid1002.030793.
Healthcare workers accounted for a large proportion of persons with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) during the worldwide epidemic of early 2003. We conducted an investigation of healthcare workers exposed to laboratory-confirmed SARS patients in the United States to evaluate infection-control practices and possible SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmission. We identified 110 healthcare workers with exposure within droplet range (i.e., 3 feet) to six SARS-CoV-positive patients. Forty-five healthcare workers had exposure without any mask use, 72 had exposure without eye protection, and 40 reported direct skin-to-skin contact. Potential droplet- and aerosol-generating procedures were infrequent: 5% of healthcare workers manipulated a patient's airway, and 4% administered aerosolized medication. Despite numerous unprotected exposures, there was no serologic evidence of healthcare-related SARS-CoV transmission. Lack of transmission in the United States may be related to the relative absence of high-risk procedures or patients, factors that may place healthcare workers at higher risk for infection.
在2003年初全球严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）疫情期间，医护人员在感染该疾病的人群中占很大比例。我们对美国接触实验室确诊SARS患者的医护人员进行了一项调查，以评估感染控制措施以及可能的SARS相关冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）传播情况。我们确定了110名在飞沫传播范围内（即3英尺）接触6名SARS-CoV阳性患者的医护人员。45名医护人员在接触时未使用任何口罩，72名未采取眼部防护措施，40名报告有直接的皮肤接触。可能产生飞沫和气溶胶的操作很少见：5%的医护人员对患者气道进行了操作，4%的医护人员给予了雾化药物治疗。尽管存在大量无防护的接触，但没有血清学证据表明存在与医护相关的SARS-CoV传播。美国未出现传播可能与相对缺乏高风险操作或患者有关，这些因素可能使医护人员面临更高的感染风险。
