Faughnan Marian S, Hawdon Ann, Ah-Singh Eric, Brown Jonathan, Millward D J, Cassidy Aedin
School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 5XH, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2004 Apr;91(4):567-74. doi: 10.1079/BJN20041087.
Urinary isoflavone excretion is used to monitor compliance and examine biological effects. The present study determined if there were alterations in urinary isoflavone excretion following the ingestion of different soya foods and if age and gender potentially modified profiles. Twenty premenopausal women, seventeen post-menopausal women and twenty men received a defined single oral bolus dose (0.44 mg isoflavones/kg body weight) of soya milk, textured vegetable protein (TVP) or tempeh on three separate occasions. Baseline and four consecutive complete 24 h pooled urines were collected during each period. Urinary genistein recovery was influenced by gender and food matrix. For women the urinary genistein recovery was higher following soya-milk consumption compared with TVP (P<0.05). Tempeh consumption also resulted in an increased urinary genistein recovery relative to soya milk in premenopausal women (P<0.052). No differences in urinary genistein recoveries between soya foods were observed in the men. Although urinary daidzein excretion was similar across the foods studied and was not affected by age or gender, conversion to its intestinal metabolite, equol, resulted in potential matrix and chemical composition effects; urinary equol excretion was higher (P<0.01) following tempeh ingestion among equol producers. Together these data suggest that the fractional absorption of genistein is potentially different in men and women and is influenced by the food matrix and chemical composition. Furthermore, the data suggest that the metabolism of daidzein may be altered by the chemical composition of the isoflavones ingested. Further studies are required to examine the effect of higher intake and define the relative influence of these factors in elderly population groups.
尿异黄酮排泄量用于监测依从性并研究生物学效应。本研究确定了摄入不同大豆食品后尿异黄酮排泄量是否有变化，以及年龄和性别是否可能改变其排泄模式。20名绝经前女性、17名绝经后女性和20名男性在三个不同场合分别接受了规定的单次口服大剂量（0.44毫克异黄酮/千克体重）的豆浆、组织化植物蛋白（TVP）或豆豉。在每个时间段收集基线和连续4次完整的24小时混合尿液。尿中染料木黄酮的回收率受性别和食物基质的影响。对于女性，饮用豆浆后尿中染料木黄酮的回收率高于食用TVP（P<0.05）。对于绝经前女性，食用豆豉也导致尿中染料木黄酮的回收率相对于豆浆有所增加（P<0.052）。男性食用不同大豆食品后尿中染料木黄酮的回收率没有差异。尽管在所研究的各种食物中尿黄豆苷元的排泄量相似，且不受年龄或性别的影响，但其转化为肠道代谢产物雌马酚会产生潜在的基质和化学成分效应；在雌马酚产生者中，食用豆豉后尿中雌马酚的排泄量更高（P<0.01）。这些数据共同表明，染料木黄酮的吸收分数在男性和女性中可能不同，并且受食物基质和化学成分的影响。此外，数据表明，摄入的异黄酮化学成分可能会改变黄豆苷元的代谢。需要进一步研究来检验更高摄入量的影响，并确定这些因素在老年人群体中的相对影响。
