Schmidt Michael, Brixner Veronika, Ruster Brigitte, Hourfar Michael K, Drosten Christian, Preiser Wolfgang, Seifried Erhard, Roth W Kurt
Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross, Johan Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Transfusion. 2004 Apr;44(4):470-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.03269.x.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was first described in February 2003. Close contact with symptomatic patients appears to be the main route of transmission, whereas blood transfusion transmission could not be ruled out.
A SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) detection kit developed by C. Drosten (Bernhard Nocht Institute, BNI) was used to amplify SARS-CoV sequences from blood donor samples. We tested 31,151 blood donor samples in minipools of up to 96 samples. To validate the sensitivity of the assay, routine donor minipools (88 +/- 8 samples per pool) were spiked with plasma of an imported case of SARS or of a subsequently infected contact person, respectively. Gamma-irradiated cell culture supernatants of Vero E6 cells, infected with SARS-CoV, were used as positive controls.
None of 31,151 blood donors were positive for the presence of SARS. Two 96-member plasma pools that were each spiked with 100 microL of plasma of the German index patient or his wife, respectively, were positive. Overall, 0.85 percent of test results had to be considered invalid owing to negative internal controls.
A real-time CoV PCR test is able to detect SARS-CoV in viremic blood donor samples even in the beginning of the disease when patients present minor clinical symptoms. Thus the assay could potentially help to prevent transfusion-associated SARS-CoV transmissions.
严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）于2003年2月首次被描述。与有症状患者密切接触似乎是主要传播途径，而输血传播也不能排除。
使用由C. 德罗斯滕（伯恩哈德·诺赫特研究所，BNI）研发的一种SARS冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）检测试剂盒，从献血者样本中扩增SARS-CoV序列。我们以最多96个样本的微量样本池形式检测了31151份献血者样本。为验证该检测方法的敏感性，分别向常规献血者微量样本池（每个样本池88±8个样本）中加入一名输入性SARS病例或一名后续感染接触者的血浆。用感染SARS-CoV的Vero E6细胞经γ射线照射后的细胞培养上清液作为阳性对照。
31151名献血者中无一例SARS检测呈阳性。分别向两个96人份的血浆样本池中加入100微升德国首例患者或其妻子的血浆后，检测呈阳性。总体而言，由于内部对照为阴性，0.85%的检测结果被视为无效。
实时CoV PCR检测即使在疾病初期患者出现轻微临床症状时，也能够在病毒血症献血者样本中检测出SARS-CoV。因此，该检测方法可能有助于预防与输血相关的SARS-CoV传播。
