DiGuiseppi C, Slater S, Roberts I, Adams L, Sculpher M, Wade A, McCarthy M
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, UK.
Inj Prev. 1999 Sep;5(3):177-82. doi: 10.1136/ip.5.3.177.
To reduce fires and fire related injuries by increasing the prevalence of functioning smoke alarms in high risk households.
The programme was delivered in an inner London area with above average material deprivation and below average smoke alarm ownership. The target population included low income and rental households and households with elderly persons or young children.
Forty wards, averaging 4000 households each, were randomised to intervention or control status. Free smoke alarms and fire safety information were distributed in intervention wards by community groups and workers as part of routine activities and by paid workers who visited target neighbourhoods. Recipients provided data on household age distribution and housing tenure. Programme costs were documented from a societal perspective. Data are being collected on smoke alarm ownership and function, and on fires and related injuries and their costs.
Community and paid workers distributed 20,050 smoke alarms, potentially sufficient to increase smoke alarm ownership by 50% in intervention wards. Compared with the total study population, recipients included greater proportions of low income and rental households and households including children under 5 years or adults aged 65 and older. Total programme costs were 145,087 Pounds.
It is possible to implement a large scale smoke alarm giveaway programme targeted to high risk households in a densely populated, multicultural, materially deprived community. The programme's effects on the prevalence of installed and functioning alarms and the incidence of fires and fire related injuries, and its cost effectiveness, are being evaluated as a randomized controlled trial.
通过提高高风险家庭中正常运行的烟雾报警器的普及率来减少火灾及与火灾相关的伤害。
该项目在伦敦市中心一个物质匮乏程度高于平均水平且烟雾报警器拥有率低于平均水平的地区实施。目标人群包括低收入家庭、租赁家庭以及有老年人或幼儿的家庭。
将40个 wards（每个wards平均有4000户家庭）随机分为干预组或对照组。社区团体和工作人员在干预wards作为日常活动的一部分免费发放烟雾报警器和消防安全信息，付费工作人员则走访目标社区进行发放。接受者提供了家庭年龄分布和住房 tenure的数据。从社会角度记录了项目成本。正在收集有关烟雾报警器的拥有情况和功能以及火灾、相关伤害及其成本的数据。
社区和付费工作人员共发放了20,050个烟雾报警器，这可能足以使干预wards的烟雾报警器拥有率提高50%。与整个研究人群相比，接受者中低收入家庭、租赁家庭以及有5岁以下儿童或65岁及以上成年人的家庭所占比例更高。项目总成本为145,087英镑。
在一个人口密集、多元文化且物质匮乏的社区中，有可能针对高风险家庭实施大规模的烟雾报警器赠送项目。该项目对已安装且正常运行的报警器普及率、火灾及与火灾相关伤害发生率的影响及其成本效益，正在作为一项随机对照试验进行评估。
