Settles Isis H
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI 48824-1117, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2004 Apr;30(4):487-500. doi: 10.1177/0146167203261885.
The current study extends research in the area of identity conflict or interference by focusing on a new identity combination, the woman and scientist identities. In addition, it examines the influence of identity centrality, or importance, as a predictor of interference and moderator of the relation between interference and well-being and science performance. Supporting hypotheses, greater identity interference was related to lower levels of performance and well-being. Furthermore, woman centrality was unrelated to interference for those with a central scientist identity, but for those without a central scientist identity, they were positively related. Although central identities were related to positive outcomes in the absence of interference, the outcomes of all women suffered when interference was high, contrary to the hypothesis. The implications of identity centrality for understanding the negotiation of potentially conflicting identities, and for the retention of women in the sciences, are discussed.
当前的研究通过聚焦一种新的身份组合——女性身份与科学家身份，拓展了身份冲突或干扰领域的研究。此外，该研究考察了身份中心性（即重要性）的影响，将其作为干扰的预测因素以及干扰与幸福感和科研表现之间关系的调节因素。研究结果支持了假设，即更大的身份干扰与更低水平的表现和幸福感相关。此外，对于具有核心科学家身份的人来说，女性身份中心性与干扰无关，但对于那些没有核心科学家身份的人来说，二者呈正相关。尽管在没有干扰的情况下，核心身份与积极结果相关，但与假设相反的是，当干扰程度较高时，所有女性的结果都受到了影响。本文讨论了身份中心性对于理解潜在冲突身份的协商以及女性在科学界留存的意义。
