Cugell D W
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
Clin Chest Med. 1992 Jun;13(2):269-79.
Hard metal is a mixture of tungsten carbide and cobalt, to which small amounts of other metals may be added. It is widely used for industrial purposes whenever extreme hardness and high temperature resistance are needed, such as for cutting tools, oil well drilling bits, and jet engine exhaust ports. Cobalt is the component of hard metal that can be a health hazard. Respiratory diseases occur in workers exposed to cobalt--either in the production of hard metal, from machining hard metal parts, or from other sources. Adverse pulmonary reactions include asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and interstitial fibrosis. A peculiar, almost unique form of lung fibrosis, giant cell interstitial pneumonia, is closely linked with cobalt exposure.
硬质合金是碳化钨和钴的混合物,还可能添加少量其他金属。每当需要极高硬度和耐高温性时,它就广泛用于工业用途,例如用于切削工具、油井钻头和喷气发动机排气口。钴是硬质合金中可能对健康有害的成分。接触钴的工人会出现呼吸系统疾病——无论是在硬质合金生产过程中、加工硬质合金零件时,还是来自其他来源。不良肺部反应包括哮喘、过敏性肺炎和间质性纤维化。一种特殊的、几乎独一无二的肺纤维化形式,即巨细胞间质性肺炎,与钴暴露密切相关。