Dold S, Wjst M, von Mutius E, Reitmeir P, Stiepel E
GSF-Research Centre for Environment and Health, Institute for Medical Information and Systems Research, Neuherberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Arch Dis Child. 1992 Aug;67(8):1018-22. doi: 10.1136/adc.67.8.1018.
In order to explore the genetic risk of a child with a family history of allergies developing asthma, allergic rhinitis, or atopic dermatitis, questionnaires filled in by 6665 families were analysed. The data were collected in a population based cross sectional survey of 9-11 year old schoolchildren living in Munich and southern Bavaria. The relation between asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis and the number of allergic first degree relatives, and the type of allergic disease was examined. Analyses were done separately for families with single or multiple allergic diseases. In families with one allergic parent the risk of the child developing asthma was increased by asthma in a parent, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.6 (95% confidence interval 1.7 to 4.0) but not by parental allergic rhinitis with OR 1.0 (0.7 to 1.5) or atopic dermatitis, OR 1.0 (0.6 to 1.6). For allergic rhinitis the highest risk with OR 3.6 (2.9 to 4.6) was observed with allergic rhinitis of one parent, apparently lower for asthma of one parent, OR 2.5 (1.6 to 4.0) or atopic dermatitis, OR 1.7 (1.1 to 2.5). Children with parental atopic dermatitis had a high risk for atopic dermatitis, OR 3.4 (2.6 to 4.4), compared with children with parental asthma, OR 1.5 (1.0 to 2.2), or parental allergic rhinitis, OR 1.4 (1.1 to 1.8). Risk factors in families with combined allergies of two relatives (parents and siblings) were analysed separately for the different combinations. These results support the hypothesis that asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis are multifactorial diseases brought about by various familial and environmental influences.
为了探究有过敏家族史的儿童患哮喘、过敏性鼻炎或特应性皮炎的遗传风险，对6665个家庭填写的问卷进行了分析。数据收集自一项针对居住在慕尼黑和巴伐利亚南部的9至11岁学童的基于人群的横断面调查。研究了哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎与一级过敏亲属数量以及过敏性疾病类型之间的关系。对患有单一或多种过敏性疾病的家庭分别进行了分析。在父母一方患有过敏症的家庭中，父母患有哮喘会使孩子患哮喘的风险增加，优势比（OR）为2.6（95%置信区间为1.7至4.0），但父母患有过敏性鼻炎时OR为1.0（0.7至1.5），患有特应性皮炎时OR为1.0（0.6至1.6），不会增加孩子患哮喘的风险。对于过敏性鼻炎，父母一方患有过敏性鼻炎时风险最高，OR为3.6（2.9至4.6），父母一方患有哮喘时OR为2.5（1.6至4.0），患有特应性皮炎时OR为1.7（1.1至2.5），风险明显较低。与父母患有哮喘的孩子（OR为1.5，1.0至2.2）或父母患有过敏性鼻炎的孩子（OR为1.4，1.1至1.8）相比，父母患有特应性皮炎的孩子患特应性皮炎的风险较高，OR为3.4（2.6至4.4）。对两位亲属（父母和兄弟姐妹）合并过敏的家庭中的风险因素，针对不同组合分别进行了分析。这些结果支持了以下假设：哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎是由多种家族和环境影响导致的多因素疾病。
