Davis Patricia L, Jay Walter M
Department of Ophthalmology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
Semin Ophthalmol. 2003 Dec;18(4):222-42. doi: 10.1080/08820530390895244.
Optic disc drusen are congenital and developmental anomalies of the optic nerve head seen commonly in clinical practice, often as an incidental ophthalmologic finding during routine exams. Optic disc drusen are a form of calcific degeneration in some of the axons of the optic nerve. Visual acuity is often not affected but the visual fields of these patients can be abnormal and deteriorate over time. Optic disc drusen are familial and are not uncommon. They are thought to be the result of pathology at the level of the optic nerve head itself. The diagnosis can be made with clinical findings combined with B scan ultrasound and computed tomography. In addition, newer modalities using optic nerve head tomography are proving to be very useful. Since children as well as adults are affected, it is important to consider optic nerve head drusen in the differential diagnosis of papilledema or optic nerve swelling.
视盘玻璃疣是临床实践中常见的视神经乳头先天性和发育性异常，常在常规检查中作为眼科偶然发现。视盘玻璃疣是视神经部分轴突的一种钙化变性形式。视力通常不受影响，但这些患者的视野可能异常并随时间恶化。视盘玻璃疣具有家族性且并不罕见。它们被认为是视神经乳头本身病理改变的结果。结合临床发现、B超和计算机断层扫描可作出诊断。此外，使用视神经乳头断层扫描的更新方法已证明非常有用。由于儿童和成人都会受到影响，因此在视乳头水肿或视神经肿胀的鉴别诊断中考虑视盘玻璃疣很重要。
