Barnett C, Carey M, Proietto J, Cerin E, Febbraio M A, Jenkins D
School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2004 Sep;7(3):314-22. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(04)80026-4.
In order to examine the influence of sprint training on metabolism and exercise performance during sprint exercise, 16 recreationally-active, untrained, men (VO2peak= 3.8+/-0.1 l.min(-1)) were randomly assigned to either a training (n= 8) or control group (n= 8). Each subject performed a 30-sec cycle sprint and a test to measure VO2peak before and after eight weeks of sprint training. The training group completed a series of sprints three times per week which progressed from three 30-sec cycle sprints in weeks 1 and 2, to six 30-sec sprints in weeks 7 and 8. Three mins of passive recovery separated each sprint throughout the training period. Muscle samples were obtained at rest and immediately following the pre- and post-training sprints and analysed for high energy phosphagens, glycogen and lactate; the activities of both phosphofructokinase (PFK) and citrate synthase (CS) were also measured and muscle fibre types were quantified. Training resulted in a 7.1% increase in mean power output (p<0.05), an 8% increase in VO2peak (p< 0.001), a 42% increase (p< 0.01) in CS activity and a 17% increase (p< 0.05) in resting intramuscular glycogen content. In contrast, neither PFK activity nor fibre type distribution changed with training. An increase (p< 0.05) in mean power output and attenuated (p< 0.01) ATP degradation were observed during sprint exercise following training. Glycogen degradation during sprint exercise was unaffected by sprint training. These data demonstrate that sprint training may have enhanced muscle oxidative but not glycolytic capacity.
为了研究短跑训练对短跑运动期间新陈代谢和运动表现的影响，16名有休闲运动习惯、未经训练的男性（峰值摄氧量=3.8±0.1升·分钟-1）被随机分为训练组（n = 8）或对照组（n = 8）。在进行八周的短跑训练前后，每个受试者都进行了一次30秒的自行车冲刺以及一项测量峰值摄氧量的测试。训练组每周进行三次一系列冲刺，从第1周和第2周的三次30秒自行车冲刺，增加到第7周和第8周的六次30秒冲刺。在整个训练期间，每次冲刺之间有3分钟的被动恢复时间。在休息时以及训练前和训练后的冲刺后立即采集肌肉样本，分析其中的高能磷酸化合物、糖原和乳酸；还测量了磷酸果糖激酶（PFK）和柠檬酸合酶（CS）的活性，并对肌肉纤维类型进行了量化。训练使平均功率输出增加了7.1%（p<0.05），峰值摄氧量增加了8%（p<0.001），CS活性增加了42%（p<0.01），静息肌内糖原含量增加了17%（p<0.05）。相比之下，PFK活性和纤维类型分布均未随训练而改变。训练后在短跑运动期间观察到平均功率输出增加（p<0.05）以及ATP降解减弱（p<0.01）。短跑训练未影响短跑运动期间的糖原降解。这些数据表明，短跑训练可能增强了肌肉的氧化能力，但未增强糖酵解能力。
