Fischer C J, Struwe J, Lemke M R
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas, Houston, USA.
Nervenarzt. 2006 Jan;77(1):58-63. doi: 10.1007/s00115-004-1866-5.
The effects of expulsion from German territories following World War Two have not been studied systematically, and little is known about long-term effects of this potentially traumatic experience. Via mail, 600 refugees from former German territories due to World War Two were asked to complete questionnaires about biographic data, somatic and psychic health (SCL-90-R questionnaire), and specific aspects related to traumatic experiences (post-traumatic stress disorder questionnaire). Of those contacted, 25% participated in the investigation. Of them, 9.8% fulfilled diagnostic criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder according to DSM IV. Only 1.8% of an age-matched control group met these criteria. Analysis of the SCL-90-R questionnaire showed higher scores for former refugees in somatic and psychic complaints than the control group. We show that expulsion following war may lead to symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and somatic and psychic complaints after more than 50 years. Our investigation supports the necessity of adequate care for subjects expelled from their home countries and the psychologically traumatised.
二战后被驱逐出德国领土所产生的影响尚未得到系统研究，对于这种潜在创伤性经历的长期影响知之甚少。通过邮件，我们邀请了600名因二战而来自德国前领土的难民填写有关个人生平数据、躯体和心理健康（症状自评量表SCL-90-R问卷）以及与创伤经历相关的特定方面（创伤后应激障碍问卷）的问卷。在被联系的人中，25%参与了调查。其中，9.8%符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）中创伤后应激障碍的诊断标准。在年龄匹配的对照组中，只有1.8%符合这些标准。对症状自评量表SCL-90-R问卷的分析显示，前难民在躯体和心理不适方面的得分高于对照组。我们发现，战争后的驱逐可能在50多年后导致创伤后应激障碍症状以及躯体和心理不适。我们的调查支持了为被驱逐出祖国以及遭受心理创伤的人群提供充分护理的必要性。
