Varga János, Péteri Zsanett, Tábori Katalin, Téren József, Vágvölgyi Csaba
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2005 Apr 1;99(3):321-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.10.034.
Several filamentous fungi representing the genera Rhizopus and Mucor were examined for their ability to degrade ochratoxin A (OTA), aflatoxin B1, zearalenone and patulin in a liquid medium. While none of the isolates exhibited aflatoxin degrading activity, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and patulin were decomposed by several isolates. Ochratoxin A was successfully degraded by Rhizopus stolonifer, R. microsporus, R. homothallicus and two R. oryzae isolates, and by four unidentified Rhizopus isolates. Kinetics of ochratoxin A detoxification of selected Rhizopus isolates was also examined. Rhizopus isolates were able to degrade more than 95% of ochratoxin A within 16 days. A R. stolonifer isolate could also effectively decompose ochratoxin A on moistened wheat. Further studies are in progress to identify the enzymes and genes responsible for ochratoxin detoxification and to transfer these genes to other Rhizopus isolates or microbes which could be used safely for decontamination of cereal products.
对几种代表根霉属和毛霉属的丝状真菌进行了检测，以考察它们在液体培养基中降解赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）、黄曲霉毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮和展青霉素的能力。虽然没有分离株表现出黄曲霉毒素降解活性，但几种分离株能分解赭曲霉毒素A、玉米赤霉烯酮和展青霉素。匍枝根霉、微小根霉、同宗配合根霉和两株米根霉分离株以及四株未鉴定的根霉分离株成功降解了赭曲霉毒素A。还检测了所选根霉分离株对赭曲霉毒素A解毒的动力学。根霉分离株能够在16天内降解95%以上的赭曲霉毒素A。一株匍枝根霉分离株也能在湿润的小麦上有效分解赭曲霉毒素A。目前正在进一步研究，以确定负责赭曲霉毒素解毒的酶和基因，并将这些基因转移到其他根霉分离株或微生物上，这些微生物可安全用于谷物产品的去污处理。
