血液透析患者中的戊型肝炎病毒感染：伊朗的一项血清流行病学调查。
Hepatitis E virus infection in hemodialysis patients: a seroepidemiological survey in Iran.
作者信息
Taremi Mahnaz, Khoshbaten Manouchehr, Gachkar Latif, EhsaniArdakani MohammadJavad, Zali MohammadReza
机构信息
National Research Department of Foodborne Diseases, The Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Taleghani Hospital, Tabnak St., Evin, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2005 May 17;5:36. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-5-36.
BACKGROUND
The hepatitis E virus (HEV) has a global distribution and is known to have caused large waterborne epidemics of icteric hepatitis. Transmission is generally via the fecal-oral route. Some reports have suggested parenteral transmission of HEV. Anti-HEV prevalence data among chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are few and give conflicting results.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in August of 2004. We tested 324 chronic HD patients attending three different units in the city of Tabriz, northwestern part of Iran, for anti-HEV antibody. A specific solid- phase enzyme-linked immunoassay (Diapro, Italy) was used.
RESULTS
The overall seroprevalence of hepatitis E was 7.4 %(95% CI: 4.6%-10.6%). The prevalence rate of HBV and HCV infection were 4.6% (95% CI: 2.3%-6.9%) and 20.4% (95% CI: 16%-24.8%), respectively. No significant association was found between anti-HEV positivity and age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, positivity for hepatitis B or C virus infection markers and history of transfusion.
CONCLUSION
We observed high anti-HEV antibody prevalence; there was no association between HEV and blood borne infections (HBV, HCV, and HIV) in our HD patients. This is the first report concerning seroepidemiology of HEV infection in a large group of chronic HD individuals in Iran.
背景
戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）在全球范围内均有分布，已知会引发大规模经水传播的黄疸型肝炎疫情。传播途径通常为粪口途径。一些报告提示存在HEV的非肠道传播。慢性血液透析（HD）患者中抗HEV流行率的数据较少且结果相互矛盾。
方法
这项横断面研究于2004年8月开展。我们对伊朗西北部大不里士市三个不同单位的324例慢性HD患者进行了抗HEV抗体检测。采用了一种特异性固相酶联免疫吸附测定法（意大利迪阿普罗公司）。
结果
戊型肝炎的总体血清流行率为7.4%（95%可信区间：4.6% - 10.6%）。HBV和HCV感染的流行率分别为4.6%（95%可信区间：2.3% - 6.9%）和20.4%（95%可信区间：16% - 24.8%）。未发现抗HEV阳性与年龄、性别、血液透析持续时间、乙肝或丙肝病毒感染标志物阳性以及输血史之间存在显著关联。
结论
我们观察到抗HEV抗体流行率较高；在我们的HD患者中，HEV与血源性感染（HBV、HCV和HIV）之间无关联。这是关于伊朗一大群慢性HD个体中HEV感染血清流行病学的首份报告。
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