Tyan M L
West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, CA 90073.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1992 Jul;200(3):418-21. doi: 10.3181/00379727-200-43451.
Pregnant mice congenic with C57BL/10 (B10.A, B10.BR, B10.D2, B10.A(2R), B10.A(5R), B10.A(15R), B10.A(1R), B10.A(18R), and B10.OL) were fed Purina Mouse Chow or the same diet plus 200 IU of vitamin A daily. The pregnant dams were sacrificed on the eighteenth day of gestation, and the fetuses were sexed and examined for defects in mandibular development. On average, micrognathia occurred five times more frequently in female (1.5%) than male (0.3%) fetuses. The addition of vitamin A to the diet affected only females, reducing the frequency of this defect to that observed in males from dams fed the control diet. Micrognathia was strongly associated with micro- or anophthalmia, but not with defects of the palate. C57BL/10 fetuses had the highest frequency of micrognathia (3.2%) and B10.D2 and B10.A(5R) fetuses had the lowest (0.1%). The results suggest that a locus distal to C4 and perhaps proximal to Qa-1 may exert a moderate influence on mandibular development and a second locus proximal to E beta may have a weak effect.
与C57BL/10同基因的怀孕小鼠（B10.A、B10.BR、B10.D2、B10.A(2R)、B10.A(5R)、B10.A(15R)、B10.A(1R)、B10.A(18R)和B10.OL）被喂食普瑞纳小鼠饲料或相同饲料并每日添加200国际单位维生素A。怀孕母鼠在妊娠第18天处死，对胎儿进行性别鉴定并检查下颌发育缺陷。平均而言，小颌畸形在雌性胎儿（1.5%）中出现的频率是雄性胎儿（0.3%）的5倍。在饲料中添加维生素A仅对雌性有影响，将这种缺陷的频率降低到喂食对照饲料的母鼠所产雄性胎儿中观察到的水平。小颌畸形与小眼或无眼密切相关，但与腭裂无关。C57BL/10胎儿小颌畸形的频率最高（3.2%），B10.D2和B10.A(5R)胎儿的频率最低（0.1%）。结果表明，位于C4远端且可能位于Qa-1近端的一个基因座可能对下颌发育有中等影响，位于Eβ近端的另一个基因座可能有较弱影响。
