Tyan M L
West Los Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, California 90073.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1992 Jan;199(1):123-7. doi: 10.3181/00379727-199-43339.
Pregnant mice congenic with C57BL/10 (B10.A, B10.BR, B10.D2, B10.A(2R), B10.A(5R), B10.A(15R), B10.A(1R), B10.A(18R), and B10.OL) were fed Purina Mouse Chow or the same diet plus 200 IU of vitamin A daily. The pregnant dams were sacrificed on the 18th day of gestation and the fetuses were sexed and examined for defects in eye development. It was found that the frequency of microphthalmia and anophthalmia in the female progeny of mice fed Mouse Chow was 7.4-9.2% in B10.A and B10.BR, 4.0-5.5% in B10.A(18R), B10, B10.A(5R), B10.A(1R), B10.A(15R), and B10.A(2R), and 0.8% and 1.4% in B10.D2 and B10.OL mice, respectively. On average, the frequency of these defects in the female progeny was 6.2 times greater than that in males (P less than 0.001). The right eye was 5.8 times more often affected than the left (P less than 0.001). The addition of vitamin A to the diet increased the frequency of these eye abnormalities in all strains, suggesting that this effect is not mediated by loci associated with H-2, as is the case with vitamin A-enhanced cleft palate. The addition of vitamin A to the diet did not affect the ratios of affected males to females, affected right to left eye, or microphthalmia to anophthalmia. The results suggest that there are two loci on chromosome 17, one centromeric to E beta and one telemeric to C4, that interact to determine to some degree the frequency of microphthalmia and anophthalmia.
与C57BL/10同基因的怀孕小鼠（B10.A、B10.BR、B10.D2、B10.A(2R)、B10.A(5R)、B10.A(15R)、B10.A(1R)、B10.A(18R)和B10.OL）喂食普瑞纳小鼠饲料或相同饲料并每日添加200国际单位维生素A。怀孕母鼠在妊娠第18天处死，对胎儿进行性别鉴定并检查眼部发育缺陷。结果发现，喂食小鼠饲料的小鼠雌性后代中，小眼症和无眼症的发生率在B10.A和B10.BR中为7.4 - 9.2%，在B10.A(18R)、B10、B10.A(5R)、B10.A(1R)、B10.A(15R)和B10.A(2R)中为4.0 - 5.5%，在B10.D2和B10.OL小鼠中分别为0.8%和1.4%。平均而言，这些缺陷在雌性后代中的发生率比雄性高6.2倍（P小于0.001）。右眼受影响的频率比左眼高5.8倍（P小于0.001）。在饲料中添加维生素A会增加所有品系中这些眼部异常的发生率，这表明这种效应不像维生素A增强腭裂那样由与H - 2相关的基因座介导。在饲料中添加维生素A并不影响受影响的雄性与雌性的比例、受影响的右眼与左眼的比例或小眼症与无眼症的比例。结果表明，在17号染色体上有两个基因座，一个在Eβ着丝粒侧，一个在C4端粒侧，它们相互作用在一定程度上决定小眼症和无眼症的发生率。
