Vroumsia T, Steiman R, Seigle-Murandi F, Benoit-Guyod J-L
Département des Sciences de l'Environment, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Ngaoundéré, B.P. 454 Ngaoundéré, Cameroun.
Chemosphere. 2005 Sep;60(10):1471-80. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.102.
Ninety strains of fungi from the collection of our mycology laboratory were tested in Galzy and Slonimski (GS) synthetic liquid medium for their ability to degrade the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and its by-product, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) at 100 mg l(-1), each. Evolution of the amounts of each chemical in the culture media was monitored by HPLC. After 5 days of cultivation, the best results were obtained with Aspergillus penicilloides and Mortierella isabellina for 2,4-D and with Chrysosporium pannorum and Mucor genevensis for 2,4-DCP. The data collected seemed to prove, on one hand, that the strains responses varied with the taxonomic groups and the chemicals tested, and, on the other hand, that 2,4-D was less accessible to fungal degradation than 2,4-DCP. In each case, kinetics studies with the two most efficient strains revealed that there was a lag phase of 1 day before the onset of 2,4-D degradation, whereas there was none during 2,4-DCP degradation. Moreover, 2,4-DCP was detected transiently during 2,4-D degradation. Finally, M. isabellina improved its degradation potential in Tartaric Acid (TA) medium relative to GS and Malt Extract (ME) media.
从我们真菌学实验室的菌种保藏库中选取了90株真菌，在加尔齐和斯洛尼姆斯基（GS）合成液体培养基中测试它们降解除草剂2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸（2,4-D）及其副产物2,4-二氯苯酚（2,4-DCP）的能力，每种化学品的浓度均为100 mg l(-1)。通过高效液相色谱法监测培养基中每种化学品含量的变化。培养5天后，对于2,4-D，青霉状曲霉和深黄被孢霉取得了最佳降解效果；对于2,4-DCP，泛金孢菌和日内瓦毛霉取得了最佳降解效果。收集到的数据似乎一方面证明了不同菌株的反应因分类群和所测试的化学品而异，另一方面证明了2, D比2,4-DCP更难被真菌降解。在每种情况下，对两种最有效的菌株进行动力学研究表明，2,4-D降解开始前有1天的滞后期，而2,4-DCP降解过程中没有滞后期。此外，在2,4-D降解过程中短暂检测到了2,4-DCP。最后，相对于GS培养基和麦芽提取物（ME）培养基，深黄被孢霉在酒石酸（TA）培养基中的降解潜力有所提高。
