Ray J J
University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia.
J Pers Assess. 1981 Aug;45(4):390-7. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa4504_8.
It is shown that there are definitions of the three constructs of authoritarianism, dominance and assertiveness which read very similarly; so much so that no distinction is immediately evident. It is proposed that authoritarianism might be conceived as aggressive dominance and at least some types of assertiveness as nonaggressive dominance. A new scale of Dominance suitable for general population use was produced, and compared with the existing Ray (1976) behavior inventory of authoritarianism. Both scales showed highly significant correlations with peer rated dominance and submission (the latter being negative in sign) but only the authoritarianism scale showed significant correlations with rated aggressiveness and rigidity. It was concluded that the new definitions could be operationalized into valid scales.
结果表明，权威主义、支配性和坚定性这三种构念的定义非常相似，以至于乍一看很难区分。有人提出，权威主义可以被视为攻击性的支配，而至少某些类型的坚定性可以被视为非攻击性的支配。编制了一个适用于普通人群的新的支配性量表，并将其与现有的雷（1976年）权威主义行为量表进行比较。两个量表都与同伴评定的支配性和顺从性（后者为负相关）显示出高度显著的相关性，但只有权威主义量表与评定的攻击性和僵化性显示出显著的相关性。研究得出结论，新的定义可以转化为有效的量表。
