Yaron-Antar Anat, Nachson Israel
Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Memory. 2006 Jan;14(1):46-56. doi: 10.1080/09658210444000502.
Individual and collaborative remembering of the assassination of Israel's Prime Minister, Itzhak Rabin, were compared. In line with previous laboratory findings on memory of neutral stimuli, it was hypothesised that collaborative remembering (three individuals reaching a common response) and nominal remembering (three individual responses pooled together) of the assassination would be more accurate than individual remembering. A total of 146 participants responded (115 individually and 120 in groups of three) to open-ended and multiple-choice questionnaires (among them, 89 responded twice with a week of intertest interval) about Rabin's assassination and the events that preceded and followed it. Data analysis showed that the collaborative responses to the open-ended questionnaire contained more details (both accurate and inaccurate) than the individual responses, and that the responses to the multiple-choice questionnaire were more accurate than the individual responses. However, the collaborative responses contained fewer details (both accurate and inaccurate) than the nominal responses. Responses to the two questionnaires were more accurate on the retest when they followed collaborative rather than individual responses on the original test. The inferiority of the collaborative relative to the nominal remembering was attributed to collaborative inhibition, whereas the positive effect of collaborative remembering on performance on the retest was attributed to the contribution of contextual cues.
研究比较了个体及合作对以色列总理伊扎克·拉宾遇刺事件的记忆情况。与先前关于中性刺激记忆的实验室研究结果一致，研究假设对遇刺事件的合作记忆（三人达成共同反应）和名义记忆（汇总三人各自的反应）会比个体记忆更准确。共有146名参与者（115人单独作答，120人以三人一组的形式作答）回答了关于拉宾遇刺事件及其前后发生事件的开放式和多项选择题问卷（其中，89人在两次测试间隔一周的情况下作答两次）。数据分析表明，对开放式问卷的合作回答（包括准确和不准确的）比个体回答包含更多细节，对多项选择题问卷的回答比个体回答更准确。然而，合作回答包含的细节（包括准确和不准确的）比名义回答少。当在复测时遵循原始测试中的合作回答而非个体回答时，对两份问卷的回答更准确。合作记忆相对于名义记忆的劣势归因于合作抑制，而合作记忆对复测表现的积极影响归因于情境线索的作用。
