Semple S J, Smith L L, McKune A J, Hoyos J, Mokgethwa B, San Juan A F, Lucia A, Wadee A A
Department of Sport and Physical Rehabilitation Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Br J Sports Med. 2006 Feb;40(2):124-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.019489.
To determine serum concentrations of proinflammatory (C reactive protein, complement C3 and C4) and anti-inflammatory (alpha(1) antitrypsin, C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH)) acute phase proteins in elite cyclists before and during a three week cycle tour.
Seventeen professional cyclists participating in the Vuelta a Espańa volunteered for the study. Their mean (SD) physical characteristics were: age 28 (1) years; height 1.7 (0.06) m; weight 65 (7) kg; body fat 7.6 (0.8)%; Vo(2)max 75.3 (2.3) ml/kg/min. Venepuncture was performed on each subject 24 hours before the tour began (T0), on day 11 (the first rest day; T1) and day 21 (the second to last stage of the tour; T2). Samples at T1 and T2 were taken about 17 hours after the previous stage. Analysis of variance was used to determine changes over time. Where significance was found, a Tukey post hoc test was performed.
C reactive protein concentrations were consistently within the normal range, although there was a 228%, non-significant increase at T1. C3 concentrations fell within the normal range at all times assessed. C4 concentrations before the race were within the normal range and were significantly increased 10 days (T1) into the race. C1-INH concentrations did not change significantly throughout the race. alpha(1) Antitrypsin concentration before the race was at the lower end of the normal range and was only significantly raised at T2.
Although not as pronounced as those reported in marathon/ultramarathon runners, elite cyclists participating in a three week cycle tour experienced increases in selected proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory acute phase proteins, indicating an acute phase/inflammatory response. It is tenable that the increase in alpha(1) antitrypsin and C1-INH (anti-inflammatory mediators) at T2 served to attenuate the acute phase/inflammatory response. The lower than normal resting concentrations of the acute phase proteins supports the notion that chronic aerobic exercise induces an anti-inflammatory state.
测定精英自行车运动员在为期三周的自行车赛段比赛前及比赛期间促炎（C反应蛋白、补体C3和C4）和抗炎（α1抗胰蛋白酶、C1酯酶抑制剂（C1-INH））急性期蛋白的血清浓度。
17名参加环西班牙自行车赛的职业自行车运动员自愿参与本研究。他们的平均（标准差）身体特征为：年龄28（1）岁；身高1.7（0.06）米；体重65（7）千克；体脂7.6（0.8）%；最大摄氧量75.3（2.3）毫升/千克/分钟。在比赛开始前24小时（T0）、第11天（第一个休息日；T1）和第21天（比赛的倒数第二个赛段；T2）对每位受试者进行静脉穿刺。T1和T2的样本在每个赛段结束约17小时后采集。采用方差分析确定随时间的变化。发现有显著性差异时，进行Tukey事后检验。
C反应蛋白浓度始终在正常范围内，尽管在T1时增加了228%，但差异无统计学意义。在所有评估时间点，C3浓度均在正常范围内。比赛前C4浓度在正常范围内，在比赛进行10天（T1）时显著升高。在整个比赛过程中，C1-INH浓度没有显著变化。比赛前α1抗胰蛋白酶浓度处于正常范围的下限，仅在T2时显著升高。
尽管不如马拉松/超级马拉松运动员报道的那样明显，但参加为期三周自行车赛段比赛的精英自行车运动员的某些促炎和抗炎急性期蛋白有所增加，表明存在急性期/炎症反应。T2时α1抗胰蛋白酶和C1-INH（抗炎介质）的增加有助于减轻急性期/炎症反应，这是合理的。急性期蛋白的静息浓度低于正常水平，支持慢性有氧运动诱导抗炎状态的观点。
