Olsen Carsten Smith
Danish Centre for Forest, Landscape, and Planning, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen.
Ambio. 2005 Dec;34(8):607-10.
This study estimates the national-level annual volume and value of commercial medicinal plant harvest in Nepal. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires administered to local medicinal plant traders (n=149) in 15 districts in Nepal and regional wholesalers (n=53) in India. The annual trade volume is estimated to range from 7000 to 27 000 tons, with 14 500 tons harvested in the case year 1997-1998. The corresponding annual export value, calculated using regional wholesaler purchasing prices in the main markets in India, is estimated at US dollars 7-30 million, with a value of US$16 million in 1997-1998. Around 10% of rural households are involved in commercial harvesting. Lower ecological zones dominate supplies in both volume and value terms; herbs constitute the most important life form in value terms. Around 36% of volume and 51% of value derive from destructive harvesting. It is argued that annual volume and value figures are likely to be conservative estimates. The implications of findings for Himalayan medicinal plant conservation and trade are briefly discussed.
本研究估算了尼泊尔全国商业药用植物采收的年产量和价值。数据收集采用了向尼泊尔15个地区的当地药用植物贸易商（n = 149）以及印度的区域批发商（n = 53）发放开放式问卷的方式。估计年贸易量在7000至27000吨之间，1997 - 1998年采收量为14500吨。使用印度主要市场区域批发商的采购价格计算得出的相应年出口值估计为700万至3000万美元，1997 - 1998年的价值为1600万美元。约10%的农村家庭参与商业采收。低海拔生态区在产量和价值方面均占主导地位；从价值角度来看，草本植物是最重要的植物类型。约36%的产量和51%的价值来自破坏性采收。有人认为年产量和价值数据可能是保守估计。文中简要讨论了研究结果对喜马拉雅药用植物保护和贸易的影响。
