Hughes Robert W, Tremblay Sébastien, Jones Dylan M
School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2005 Oct;12(5):886-90. doi: 10.3758/bf03196781.
Serial short-term memory is markedly impaired by the presence of irrelevant speech so long as the successive tokens within the irrelevant speech are phonologically (or acoustically) dissimilar (Jones & Macken, 1995b). In two experiments in which consonant-vowel-consonant syllables were used as irrelevant speech tokens, we sought to evaluate the relative disruptive potency of changes in the final consonant only (Experiment 1), in the initial consonant, or in the vowel portion (Experiment 2) of each token. The results suggest that the vowel changes are the dominant source of disruption. This dominance may be explained, at least in part, by the role played by vowel sounds in the perceptual organization of speech and, in turn, the particular propensity for vowel changes to yield information about serial order. The results are consistent also with the view that the factors that promote order encoding in sound are also the ones that promote disruption.
只要无关言语中的连续片段在语音（或声学）上不相似，系列短时记忆就会受到显著损害（琼斯和麦肯，1995b）。在两项以辅音-元音-辅音音节作为无关言语片段的实验中，我们试图评估仅改变每个片段的最后一个辅音（实验1）、第一个辅音或元音部分（实验2）时相对的干扰效力。结果表明，元音变化是干扰的主要来源。这种主导地位至少可以部分地通过元音在言语感知组织中所起的作用来解释，进而通过元音变化产生关于序列顺序信息的特殊倾向来解释。这些结果也与以下观点一致，即促进声音中顺序编码的因素也是促进干扰的因素。
